Table 6

Studies providing indirect adverse event definition only (n = 4).

Authors, year, citationStudy designDefinition
Giles et al. 2003 []Observational StudyEvents requiring remedial treatment; minor transient increase in spinal pain symptoms that did not qualify as an adverse event
Hay et al. 2005 []Trial“An exacerbation of pain after the initial assessment’’
de Oliveira et al. 2013 []Trial“Did your symptoms get worse after this treatment?”
“Are you feeling any different symptom after this treatment?”
Satpute et al. 2020 []Case Reports/Series“There were no adverse events during or after each treatment session in terms of dizziness, increase in pain intensity, or induction of other symptoms.’’