Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of patient population
Population sample (n = 34) Mean age (years) ± SD 57.7 ± 18.7 Gender, female (%) 18 (52.9) Race, n (%) African-American 2 (5.9) Asian American 1 (2.9) Hispanic 1 (2.9) Caucasian 29 (85.3) Other 1 (2.9) Educational level, n (%) High school 15 (44.1) College graduate 10 (29.4) Postgraduate education 9 (26.5) Currently employed, n (%) 22 (64.7) Previous history of LBP, n (%) 27 (79.4) Previous history of back surgery, n (%) 8 (23.5) Duration of LBP (months) ± SD 113.7 ± 101.1 Oswestry disability index ± SD 28.2 ± 14.8 SD, standard deviation;
LBP, low back pain.