Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 2026 (May 14); 34: 20

Table 2.

Participant experience with LBP and manual therapy

Pseudonym	LBP duration	Healthcare professionals consulted for LBP	Modality of manual therapy experienced	Current or previous manual therapy experience
Allen	5 months	GP, Osteo	Manipulation, massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)
Arron	5 years	Chiro, GP, Physio, Osteo, Surgeon	Manipulation, massage	Ongoing or regular treatment
Augustus	10 years	Chiro, Massage, Physio, Osteo	Manipulation, massage, mobilization	Ongoing or regular treatment
Bradley	3 years	GP, Physio	None	No experience
Brendon	30 years	GP, Physio, Surgeon	Manipulation, massage, mobilization	Treatment on multiple occasions over time
Carol	20 years	Chiro, Massage, Physio, Osteo	Manipulation, massage	Ongoing or regular treatment
Corey	5 years	GP	None	No experience
Elisabeth	10 years	None	None	No experience
Elsie	7 years	GP, Physio	None	No experience
Florence	40 years	Chiro, GP, Physio	Manipulation	Ongoing or regular treatment
Gertrude	3 years	TCM	None	No experience
Jamison	6 years	Chiro, GP	Manipulation, massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)
Majorie	30 years	Chiro, Massage, Osteo	Manipulation, massage	Ongoing or regular treatment
Martin	20 years	Chiro, Massage, Physio, Osteo	Manipulation, massage, mobilization	Treatment on multiple occasions over time
Nathan	10 years	GP, Physio, Osteo	Manipulation, massage	Treatment on multiple occasions over time
Noel	26 years	GP, Physio, Sport	Manipulation, massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)
Penelope	10 years	GP, Physio, TCM	Massage	Ongoing or regular treatment
Sterling	3 weeks	Chiro, GP, TCM	Manipulation, massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)
Tania	9 years	Physio	Massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)
Valeria	20 years	Chiro, Massage	Manipulation, massage	Ongoing or regular treatment
Wesley	40 years	Chiro, GP, Physio	Manipulation, massage	Short-term treatment (e.g. a few sessions)