JAMA Netw Open 2025 (Dec 1); 8 (12): e2547915

Figure 1. Flow of Study Participants.

^aThe branch points showing participants included in aim 1 and aim 2 do not indicate mutually exclusive samples: all 416 participants were eligible to be included in the case-crossover study (aim 1), and all 416 participants were included in the cohort study (aim 2).

^bIn case-crossover analyses using conditional logistic regression, individuals must have had at least 1 case period and 1 control period to be informative; participants without 1 or more case and 1 or more control periods were included in the analysis but are uninformative.