J Pain Res 2023 (Oct 2): 16: 3325-3341

Table 4.

The Top 20 Keywords Ranked by Frequency from 1993 to 2023

Rank	Low Back Pain in Older Adults		Low Back Pain in Working-Age Adults
	Keyword	Co-Occurrences (%)	Keyword	Co-Occurrences (%)
1	Low-back-pain	1578 (37.4)	Low-back-pain	20,196 (40.0)
2	Older-adults	796 (18.9)	Low back pain	8239 (16.3)
3	Prevalence	638 (15.1)	Disability	5215 (10.3)
4	Back-pain	544 (12.9)	Management	4633 (9.2)
5	Disability	544 (12.9)	Back-pain	4509 (8.9)
6	Low back pain	528 (12.5)	Prevalence	4311 (8.5)
7	Management	407 (9.7)	Spine	3522 (7.0)
8	Pain	382 (9.1)	Pain	3472 (6.9)
9	Health	359 (8.5)	Back pain	3188 (6.3)
10	Quality-of-life	347 (8.2)	Reliability	3102 (6.1)
11	Risk-factors	313 (7.4)	Lumbar spine	3063 (6.1)
12	Surgery	312 (7.4)	Chronic pain	3011 (6.0)
13	Osteoarthritis	301 (7.1)	Risk-factors	2912 (5.8)
14	Spinal stenosis	296 (7.0)	Surgery	2609 (5.2)
15	Chronic pain	291 (6.9)	Outcomes	2593 (5.1)
16	Back pain	284 (6.7)	Rehabilitation	2377 (4.7)
17	Outcomes	264 (6.3)	Questionnaire	2146 (4.2)
18	Elderly	263 (6.2)	Health	2075 (4.1)
19	Exercise	262 (6.2)	Follow-up	2068 (4.1)
20	Population	253 (6.0)	Therapy	1967 (3.9)