Table 5

Multivariate predictors of veterans’ use of CIH approaches or chiropractic care, Oct. 2018–Sept. 2019: part 1 (n=5,260,921)

Any activityChiropractic careAcupuncture-traditionalBattlefield acupunctureMassage therapyMeditation
RR (CI)RR (CI)RR (CI)RR (CI)RR (CI)RR (CI)
Gender

  Male------------
  Female1.35(1.34, 1.36)1.25(1.23, 1.26)1.52(1.49, 1.54)1.61(1.56, 1.66)1.44(1.40, 1.48)1.49(1.42, 1.55)

Age

  18–39------------
  40–491.03(1.02, 1.04)0.94(0.92, 0.95)1.23(1.21, 1.26)1.23(1.18, 1.29)1.07(1.04, 1.11)1.18(1.11, 1.25)
  50–590.88(0.87, 0.89)0.69(0.68, 0.70)1.15(1.13, 1.18)1.22(1.17, 1.27)0.91(0.88, 0.94)1.43(1.35, 1.51)
  60–690.67(0.67, 0.68)0.45(0.45, 0.46)0.94(0.92, 0.96)0.99(0.95, 1.04)0.67(0.65, 0.69)1.34(1.27, 1.42)
  70 +0.47(0.46, 0.47)0.27(0.26, 0.27)0.75(0.73, 0.76)0.76(0.72, 0.79)0.49(0.47, 0.51)0.87(0.81, 0.92)

Race

  White------------
  Black0.74(0.74, 0.75)0.60(0.59, 0.61)0.76(0.74, 0.77)0.75(0.72, 0.77)0.65(0.63, 0.67)1.08(1.04, 1.12)
  Other1.28(1.26, 1.30)1.31(1.28, 1.34)1.49(1.45, 1.53)0.77(0.72, 0.84)1.48(1.42, 1.55)0.86(0.78, 0.95)
  Unknown0.96(0.94, 0.97)0.93(0.91, 0.95)1.00(0.98, 1.03)0.87(0.82, 0.92)1.01(0.96, 1.05)0.90(0.84, 0.98)

Ethnicity

  Not Hispanic Latino------------
  Hispanic Latino0.99(0.97, 1.00)0.89(0.88, 0.91)1.06(1.03, 1.08)0.74(0.70, 0.78)1.19(1.15, 1.23)1.08(1.01, 1.15)
  Unknown0.85(0.83, 0.88)0.85(0.82, 0.89)0.85(0.82, 0.89)0.82(0.74, 0.91)0.89(0.82, 0.96)0.82(0.71, 0.94)

Urban

  Yes------------
  No1.02(1.01, 1.03)1.21(1.19, 1.22)0.86(0.85, 0.87)1.22(1.19, 1.26)0.95(0.93, 0.98)0.69(0.66, 0.73)
  Unknown1.20(1.17, 1.24)0.70(0.66, 0.74)0.39(0.36, 0.42)0.52(0.44, 0.62)5.78(5.55, 6.02)0.21(0.15, 0.28)

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain

  No------------
  Yes3.59(3.56, 3.61)3.25(3.22, 3.28)5.13(5.06, 5.20)5.61(5.46, 5.76)3.91(3.82, 3.99)2.25(2.17, 2.32)

Anxiety

  No------------
  Yes1.17(1.16, 1.18)1.08(1.07, 1.10)1.17(1.16, 1.19)1.36(1.32, 1.40)1.10(1.07, 1.13)1.90(1.83, 1.98)

Depression

  No------------
  Yes1.20(1.19, 1.21)1.03(1.02, 1.04)1.23(1.21, 1.25)1.49(1.45, 1.53)1.07(1.04, 1.10)2.19(2.11, 2.28)

PTSD

  No------------
  Yes1.37(1.36, 1.38)1.25(1.23, 1.26)1.43(1.41, 1.45)1.40(1.36, 1.44)1.34(1.31, 1.37)2.17(2.09, 2.25)

Diabetes

  No------------
  Yes0.98(0.98, 0.99)0.94(0.93, 0.96)0.98(0.96, 0.99)1.05(1.03, 1.09)1.01(0.99, 1.04)1.09(1.05, 1.14)

Obesity

  No------------
  Yes1.17(1.16, 1.18)1.12(1.10, 1.13)1.17(1.16, 1.19)1.28(1.24, 1.31)1.17(1.14, 1.20)1.52(1.46, 1.57)

Cardiovascular Disease

  No------------
  Yes0.90(0.89, 0.91)0.87(0.86, 0.88)0.89(0.88, 0.90)1.02(0.99, 1.05)0.90(0.88, 0.92)1.00(0.97, 1.04)

RR rate ratio, CI 95% confidence interval