Figure 3

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species are highly reactive oxidized molecules, including superoxide, peroxide, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical, NO and OONO, that are constantly produced under normal cellular conditions, such as during homeostasis and impaired functions, which could lead to cellular damage, like ageing, disease and cell death (modified from Shetty et al., 2004.) [20].