Table 2
Enzyme inhibitors from plant origins and their corresponding inhibition of enzymes in starch digestion.
| Plant Origin | Enzyme Inhibitor | Enzyme Targets | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pakhanbhed (B. ciliata) | (−)-3-O-galloylepicatechin, (−)-3-O-galloylcatechin | Pancreatic α-amylase, maltase | Bhandari et al., 2008 [26] |
| Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) | Proanthocyanidin ((−)-epigallocatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, (−)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate) | Pancreatic α-amylase | Kawakami et al., 2010 [28] |
| Finger millet (E. coracana) | Naringenin, kaempferol, luteolin glycoside, apigenin, daidzein, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid | Pancreatic α-amylase, α-glucosidase | Shobana et al., 2009 [29] |
| Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) | Ellagic acid, catechin, pelargonidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin-diglucoside | α-Glucosidase | Zhang et al., 2011 [30] |
| Black myrobalan (T. chebula) | Chebulanin, chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid | Maltase | Gao et al., 2007 [31] |
| Black/bitter cumin (C. anthelminticum) | Caffeic acid, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, quercetin, kaempferol | Maltase, sucrase, salivary α-amylase | Ani and Akhilender Naidu., [32] |