PMC full text:
Published online 2020 Nov 28. doi: 10.3390/nu12123672
Table 2
Factors contributing to magnesium deficiency.
| Diet related |
| Inadequate magnesium intake [5,13,26] |
| High protein diet [5,25] |
| High sodium diet [5,25] |
| High calcium diet [5,23,24,25] |
| High caffeine intake [5] |
| Alcohol dependence [5,13,26] |
| Lifestyle |
| Sports [25,38,39,40] |
| Sleep quality and quantity [41,42] |
| Chronic stress [43,44] |
| Pharmacological related |
| Diuretics, e.g., furosemide [13,26,27] |
| Proton-pump inhibitors, e.g., omeprazole [13,27] |
| Cisplatin [13,26,27] |
| Antibiotics, e.g., gentamicin [13,27] |
| Physiological conditions |
| Pregnancy [28,29] |
| Ageing [31,32] |
| Menopause [30] |
| Pathological conditions |
| Genetic disorders [8,35,36] |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus [4,5] |
| Gastrointestinal disorders [5,26] |
| Kidney failure [5,33] |
| Cardiovascular diseases [5,45] |
| Metabolic syndrome [5,34] |
| Osteoporosis [15,25,33] |