By Anthony L. Rosner, Ph.D., LL.D.[Hon.], LLC
Foundation for Chiropractic Education and Research
Norwalk, IA. 2003
REFERENCES:
1 Wedderkopp N, Leboeuf-Yde C, Andersen LB, Froberg K, Hansen HS.
Back Pain Reporting Pattern in a Danish Population-based Sample of Children and Adolescents
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 (Sep 1); 26 (17): 1879–1883
2 Viry P, Creveuil C, Marcelli C.
Nospecific back pain in children: A search for associated factors in 14-year old schoolchildren.
Review of Rheumatology [English Edition] 1999; 66(7-9): 381-388.
3 Balague F, Troussier B, Salminen JJ.
Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: Risk factors.
European Spine Journal 1999; 8(6): 429-438.
4 Olsen TL, Anderson RL, Dearwater SR, Kriska AM, Cauley JA, Aaron DJ, LaPorte RE.
The epidemiology of low back pain in an adolescent population.
American Journal of Public Health 1992; 82(4): 606-608.
5 Taimela S, Kujala UM, Salminen JJ, Viljanen T.
The prevalence of low back pain among children and adolescents: A nationwide, cohort-based questionaire survey in Finland.
Spine 1997; 22(10): 1132-1136.
6 Korovessis P, Koureas G, Zacharatos S, Papazizis S.
Backpacks, back pain, sagittal spial curves and trunk alignments in adolescents: A logistic and multinomial logistic analysis.
Spine 2005; 30(2): 247-255.
7 Limon S, Valinsky LJ, Ben-Shalom Y.
Children at risk: Risk factors for low back pain in the elementary school environment.
Spine 2004; 29(6): 697-702.
8 Sheir-Neiss GI, Kruse RW, Rahman T, Jacobson LP, Peli JA.
The Association of Backpack Use and Back Pain in Adolescents
Spine 2003; 28(9): 922-930.
9 Skaggs DL, Early SD, D'Ambra GP, Tolo VT, Kay RM.
Back pain and backpacks in school children.
Journal of Pediatrics and Orthopedics 2006; 26(3): 338-363.
10 Wall EJ, Foad SL, Spears J.
Backpack and back pan: Where's the epidemic?
Journal of Pediatrics and Orthopedics 2003; 23(4): 437-439.
11 Chow DH, Ng XH, Holmes AD, Chang JC, Yao RY, Wong MS.
Effect of backpack loading on the pulmonary capacities of normal schoolgirls and those with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Spine 2005; 30(21): E649-E654.
12 Ehrmann-Feldman D, Shrier I, Rossignol M, Abenhaim L.
Risk factors for the development of neck and upper limb pain in adolescents.
Spine 2002; 27(2): 523-528.
13 Barea LM, Tannhauser M, Rotta NT.
An epidemiologic study of headache among children and adolescents of South Brazil.
Cephalalgia 1996; 16(8): 545-549.
14 Antoniuk S, Kuzak MF, Michelon L, Montemor Netto MR.
Prevalence of headache in children of a school in Curitiba, Brazil comprising data from children and parents.
Arg Neuropsiquiatr 1998; 56(4): 727-733.
15 Croteau N, Hai V, Pless B, Infante-Rivard C.
Trends in medical visits and surgery for otitis media among children.
American Journal of Diseases of the Child 1990; 144(5): 535-538.
16 Schappert SM.
Office visits for otitis media: United States.
Vital and Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control 1992; 214: 1-18 [National Center for Health Statistics].
17 Pitkaranta A, Jero J, Arruda E, Virolainen A, Hayden FG.
Polymerase chain-reaction based detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coranovirus in otitis media with effusion.
Journal of Pediatrics 1998; 133(3): 390-394.
18 Cantekin EI, McGuire Tw, Griffith TL.
Antimicrobial therapy for otitis media with effusion ["secretory" otitis media].
Journal of the American Medical Association 2991; 266(23): 3309-3317.
19 Kleinman LC, Kosecott J, Dubois RW, Brook RH.
The medical appropriateness of tympanostomy tubes proposed for children younger than 16 years in the United States.
Journal of the American Medical Association 1994; 271(16): 1250-1255.
20 Falkow S, Kennedy D.
Antibiotics, animals, and people--again!
Science 2001; 291: 397.
21 Le CT, Freeman DW, Fireman BH.
Evaluation of ventilating tubes and myringotomy in the treatment of recurrent or persistent otitis media.
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1991; 10(1): 2-11.
22 Wiberg JMM, Nordsteen J, Nilsson N.
The Short-Term Effect of Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Infantile Colic:
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial with a Blinded Observer
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1999; 22(8): 517-522.
23 Leach RA.
Differential Compliance Instrument in the Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Report of Two Cases
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2002; 25(1): 58-62.
24 Bennet-Johnson S. Enuresis: In Daltzman RJ [ed.].
Clinical Behaviour Therapy and Behaviour Modification
New York, NY: Graldn SPM Press, 1980, pp. 80-141.
25 Young DE, Young RR.
Nocturnal enuresis: A review of treatment approaches.
American Family Physician 1985; 31: 141-144.
26 Centers for Disease Conrol and Prevention.
Asthma mortality and hospitalization among children and young adults: United States, 1980-1993.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 1996; 45: 350-353.
27 Gergen PJ, Weiss KB.
Changing patterns of asthma hospitalization among children, 1979 to 1987.
Journal of the American Medical Association 1990; 264: 1688-1692.
28 Cropp GJ.
Special features of asthma in children.
Chest 1985; 87: 55S-62S.
29 Spiegelblatt L, Laine-Ammara G, Pless IB, Guyver A.
The use of alternative medicine by children.
Pediatrics 1994; 94(6): 811-814.
30 Gazarian M.
EBP in practice: Pediatrics.
Medical Journal of Australia 2001; 174(11): 586-587.
31 Biedermann H.
Manual therapy in children: With special emphasis on the upper cervical spine.
In Vernon H [ed]. The Cranio-Cervical Syndrome. Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM: Butterworth Heinemann, 2001, pp. 207-230.
32 Valk J. et al.
The role of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of posthypoxic-ischaemic and haemorrhagic conditions of infants.
Klin Neuroradiology 1991; 2: 83-140.
33 Lierse W, Das Becken. In Wachsmuth VL. Praktische Anatomie.
New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
34 Biedermann H.
Manual Therapy in Children: Proposals for an Etiologic Model
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2005; 28(3): e1-e15.
35 Plaugher G.
Clinical anatomy and biomechanics of the spine.
In Plaugher G [ed], Textbook of Clinical Chiropractic: A Specific Biomechanical Approach. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1993, pp. 12-51.
36 Phillips CJ. Craniosacral therapy.
In Anrig C, Plaugher G [eds], Pediatric Chiropractic. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1998, pp. 424-454.
37 St Claire SM, Picardi RJ.
Pediatric nutriton.
In Anrig C, Plaugher C [eds], Pediatric Chiropractic. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1998, pp. 455-465.
38 Liossi C.
Psychological interventions for acute and chronic pain in children.
Pain Clinical Updates 2006; 14(4): 1.
39 Ross DM, Ross A.
Childhood pain: Current issues, research, and management.
Baltimore, MD: Urban & Schwarzzenberg, 1988.
40 Schechter NL, Berde CB, Yaster M [Eds.],
Pain in Infants, Children, and Adolescents, 2nd edition.
Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2003.
41 Finley GA, Franck LS, Gronau RE, von Baeyer CL.
Why children's pain matters.
Pain Clinical Update 2005; 13(4): 1-6
42 McGrath PA. Children--Not simply "Little adults."
In Merskey H, Loeser JD, Dubner R [Eds.] The Paths of Pain, 1975-2005. Seattle, WA: IASP Press, 2005, pp. 443-446.
43 Mendez FJ, Gomez-Conesa A.
Postural hygiene program to prevent low back pain.
Spine 2001; 26(11): 1280-1286.
44 Grantham VA.
Backache in boys--a new problem.
Practitioner 1977; 218(1304): 226-229.
45 Watson KD, Papageorgiou AC, Jones GT, Taylor S, Symmons DPM, Silman AJ, Macfarlane GJ.
Low back pain in schoolchildren: Occurrence and characteristics.
Pain 2002; 97(1-2): 87-92.
46 Burton AK, Clarke RD. McClune TD, Tellotson KM.
The natural history of low-back pain in adolescents.
Spine 1996; 21: 2323-2328.
47 Balague F, Dutoit G, Waldburger M.
Low back pain in schoolchildren: An epidemiological study.
Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitative Medicine 1988; 20(4): 175-179.
48 Hestbaek L, Lebouef-Yde C, Kyvik O, Vach W, Russell MB, Skadhauge L, Svendsen A, Manniche C.
Comorbidity with low back pain: A cross-sectional population-based survey of 12- to 22-year-olds.
Spine 2004; 29(13): 1483-1491.
49 Cakmak A, Yucel B, Ozyalcin SN, Bayraktar B, Ural HI, Durouz T, Genc A.
The frequency and associated factors of low back pain among a younger population in Turkey.
Spine 2004; 29(14): 1567-1572.
50 El-Metwayy A, Salminen JJ, Auvinen A, Kautianen H, Mikkelsson M.
Prognosis of non-specific musculoskeletal pain in preadolescents: A prospecive 4-year follow-up study till adolescence.
Pain 2004; 550-559.
51 Hakala P, Rimpelä A, Salminen JJ, Virtanen SM, Rimpelä M.
Back, Neck, and Shoulder Pain in Finnish Adolescents: National Cross Sectional Surveys
British Medical Journal 2002 (Oct 5); 325 (7367): 743–745
52 Salminen JJ, Erkintalo MO, Pentti J, Oksanen A, Kormano MJ.
Recurrent low back pain and early disc degeneration in the young.
Spine 1999; 24(13): 1316-1321.
53 Ancaster News, September 1, 2006:
www.ancasternews.com/an/news_65044.html. Downloaded 09/08/06.
54 Macias BR, Murthy G, Chambers H, Hargens AR.
High contact pressure beneath backpack straps of children contributes to pain.
Archieve of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 2005; 159(12): 1186-1187.
55 Moeller JL, Rifat SF.
Spondylolysis in active adolescents: Expediting return to play.
The Physician and Sportsmedicine 2001; 29(12).
56 Harreby MS, Neergaard K, Hesselsoe G, Kjer J.
Are low back pain and radiological changes during puberty risk factors for low back pain in adult age? A 25-year prospective cohort study of 640 school children.
Ugeskr Langer 1997; 159(2): 171-174 [In Danish].
57 Harreby MS, Neergaard K, Hesselsoe G, Kjer J.
Are radiological changes in the thoracic and lumbar spine risk factors for low-back pain in adults? A 25-year prospective study of 640 school children.
Spine 1995; 20(21): 2298-2302.
58 Croft PR, Macfarlane GJ, Papageorgiou AC, Thomas E, Silman AJ.
Outcome of low back pain in general practice: A prospective study.
British Medical Journal 1998; 316: 1356-1359.
59 Reis S, Hermoni D, Borkan JM, Biderman A, Tabenkin C, Orat A.
A new look at low back complaints in primary care: A RAMBAM Israeli family practice research network study.
The Journal of Family Practice 1999; 48(4): 299-303.
60 McGorry RW, Webster BS, Snook SH, Hsiang SM.
The relation between pain intensity, disability, and the episodic nature of chronic and recurrent low back pain.
Spine 2000; 25(7): 834-841.
61 Diepenmaaat AC, van der Wal MF, de Vet HC, Hirasing RA.
Neck/shoulder, low back and arm pain in relation to computer use, physical activity, stress, and depression among Dutch adolescents.
Pediatrics 2006; 117(2): 412-416.
62 Ehrmann Feldman D, Shrier I, Rossignol M, Abenhaim L.
Risk factors for the development of neck and upper limb pain in adolescents.
Spine 2002; 27(5): 523-528.
63 Hakala PT, Rimpela AH, Saami LA, Salminen JJ.
Frequent computer-related activities increase the risk of neck-shoulder and low back pain in adolescents.
European Journal of Public Health 2006; 16(5): 536-541.
64 Navuluri N, Navuluri RB.
Study on the relationship between backpack use and back and neck pain among adolescents.
Nursing Health Science 2006; 8(4): 206-215.
65 Grimmer K, Nyland L, Milanese S.
Repeated measures of recent headache, neck and upper back pain in Australian adolescents.
Cephalalgia 2006; 26(7): 843-851.
66 Barea LM, Tannhauser M, Rotta NT.
An epidemiologic study of headache among children and adolescents of South Brazil.
Cephalalgia 1996; 16(8): 545-549.
67 Antoniuk S, Kuzak MF, Michelon L, Montemor Netto MR.
Prevalence of headache in children of a school in Curitiba, Brazil comprising data from children and parents.
Arg Neuropsiquiatr 1998; 56(4): 727-733.
68 Bandell-Hoekstra IENG, Abu-Saad HH, Passchier J, Fredericks CMA, Feron KLM, Knipschild P.
Preponderance and characteristics of headache in Dutch school children.
European Journal of Pain 2001; 5: 145-153.
69 Aromaa M, Rautava P, Helenius H.
Factors of early life as prediction of headaches in children at school entry.
Headache 1998; 38(1): 23-30.
70 Anttila P, Metsahonkala L, Lillanpaa M.
School start and occurrence of headache.
Pediatrics 1999; 103(6): e80.
71 Antilla P, Metsahonkala L, Aromaa M, Sourander A, Salminen J, Helenius H, Alanen P, Silanpaa M.
Determinants of tension-type headache in children.
Cephalalgia 2002; 22(5): 401-408.
72 Brattberg G, Wickman V.
[Longitundinal study of school children: Rehabilitate early with back and head pain].
Lakartidninen 1993; 90(15): 1452-1460.
73 Leonardsson-Hellgren M, Gustavsson UM, Lindbland U.
Headache and assocation with lifestyle among pupils in senior level elementary school.
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care 2001; 19(2): 107-111.
74 Larsson B, Sund AM.
One-year incidence, course, and outcome predictors of frequent headaches among early adolescents.
Headache 2005; 45: 684-691.
75 Koenig MA, Gladstein J, McCarter RJ, Hershey AD, Wasiewski W.
Chronic deaily headache in children and adolescents presenting to tertiary headache clinic.
Headache 2002; 42: 491-500.
76 Wiendels NJ, van der Gues MCM, Neven AK, Ferrari MD, Laan LAE.
Chronic daily headache in children and adolescents.
Headache 2005; 45: 678-683.
77 Laurell K, Larsson B, Eeg-Olofsson O.
Headache in schoolchildren: Association with other pain, family history and psychosocial factors.
Pain 2005; 119: 150-158.
78 Anttila P, Sourander A, Metsahonkala L, Aromaa M, Helenius H.
Psychiatric symptoms in children with primary headache.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2004; 43: 412-419.
79 Bondy J, Berman S, Slazner J, Lezotte D.
Direct expenditures related to otitis media diagnoses: Extrapolations from a pediatric Medicaid cohort.
Pediatrics 2000; 105: E72.
80 Alsarraf R, Jung CJ, Perskins J, Crowley C, Alsarraf NW, Gates GA.
Measuring the direct and indirect costs of acute otitis media.
Archives of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery 1999; 125(1): 12-18.
81 National Center for Compementary and Alternative Medicine.
A randomized controlled trial of the use of craniosacral osteopathic manipulative treatment and of botanical treatment in recurrent otitis media in children.
http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00010465?term=craniosacral+osteopathic+manipulative+treatment+AND+recurrent+otitis+media&rank=1
Downloaded 09/11/02.
82 Casselbrant ML, Mandel EM. Epidemiology.
In Rosenfeld RM, Bluestone CD [Eds.].
Evidence-Based Otitis Media. Hamilton, Ontario, CANADA: BC Decker, 1999, pp. 117-136.
83 Daly KA, Casselbrant ML, Hoffman HJ, Ingyarsson LB, Kvaener KJ, Tos M, van Cauwenberge PB.
Recent advances in otitis media 2. Epidemiology, natural history, and risk factors [review].
Annals of Otolaryngology, Rhinology, and Laryngology Supplement 2002; 188: 19-25.
84 Adam D, Ehrlich GD.
Otitis media: Prospects for management.
Royal Turnbridge Wells, Kent, UNITED KINGDOM: Wells Medical Limited, 1996. Chapel Place International Clinical Practice Series.
85 Hurst DS.
Association of otitis media with effusion and allergy as demonstrated by intradermal skin testing and eosinophil cationic protein levels in both middle ear effusions and mucosal biopsies.
Laryngoscope 1996; 106: 1128-1137.
86 Nsouli TM, Nsouli SM, Linde RE, O'Mara F, Scanlon RT, Bellanti JA.
Role of food allergy in serous otitis media.
Annals of Allergy 1994; 73(3): 215-219.
87 Niemela M, Uhari M, Mottonen M.
A pacifier increases the risk of recurrent otitis media in children in day care centers.
Pediatrics 1995; 96: 884-888.
88 Adair-Bischoff Ce, Sauve RS.
Environmental tobacco smoke and middle ear disease in preschool age children.
Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 1998; 152(2): 127-133.
89 Lohr KN, Beck S, Kamberg KJ, Brook RH, Goldberg GA.
Measurement of Physiologic Health for Children: Middle Ear Disease and Haring-Impairment.
Santa Monica, CA: RAND Health Experiment Series, 1983.
90 Teele DW, Klein JO, Rosner BA.
Otitis media with effusion during the first three years of life and development of speech and language.
Pediatrics 1984; 74(2): 282-287.
91 Kohl M.
Otitis media: Treating an effect when you do not know the cause.
Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 1996; 2(1): 68-70.
92 Karma P, Palva T. Kouvalnainea K, Karja J, Makela PH, Prinssi VP, Ruuskanen O, Launiala K.
Finnish approach to the treatment of acute otitis media: Report of the Finnish Consensus Conference.
Annals of Otolaryngology, Rhinology, and Laryngology Supplement 1987; 129: 1-19.
93 Sando I, Takahashi H, Matsune S.
Update on functional anatomy and pathology of human eustachian tube related to otitis media with effusion [review].
Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America 1991; 24: 795-811.
94 Holborow C.
Eustachian tube function: Changes throughout childhood and neuro-muscular control.
Journal of Laryngology and Otolaryngology 1975; 89: 47-55.
95 Hendricks CL, Larkin-Thier SM.
Otitis media in young children.
Journal of Chiropractic Research 1989; 2(1): 9-13.
96 Snell RS.
Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students, 3rd Edition.
Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Company, 1986, pp. 843-852.
97 Phillips N.J.
Vertebral Subluxation and Otitis Media: A Case Study
Chiropractic: The J of Chiro Res and Clin Inves 1992; 8 (2): 38–40
98 Schmidt MA.
Childhood Ear Infections. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books, 1990, p. 75.
99 Pitkaranta A, Jero J, Arruda E, Virolainen A, Hayden FG.
Polymerase chain-reaction based detection of rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and coranovirus in otitis media with effusion.
Journal of Pediatrics 1998; 133(3): 390-394.
100 Fallon JM.
The role of the chiropractic adjustment in the care and treatment of 332 children with otitis media.
Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 1997; 2(2): 167-183.
101 Travis J.
Reviving the antibiotic miracle?
Science 1994; 264(5157): 360-362.
102 Tomasz A.
Multiple-antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria: A report on the Rockefeller University Workshop.
New England Journal of Medicine 1994; 330(17): 1247-1251.
103 Whitney CG, Farley MM, Hadler J, Harrison LH, Lexau C, Reingold A, Lefkowitz L, Cieslak PR, Cetron M, Zell CR, Jorgensen JH, Schuchat A.
Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Program of the Emerging Infections Program Network. Increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States.
New England Journal of Medicine 2000; 343(26): 1917-1924.
104 Herper RLM.
Germ warfare.
Forbes June 19, 2006.
105 Neu HC.
The crisis in antibiotic resistance.
Science 1992; 257(5073): 1064-1073.
106 Lederberg J, Shope RE, Oaks SC, eds.
Emerging infections: Microbial threats to health in the United States.
Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1992.
107 LeDuc JW.
World Health Organization strategy for emerging infectious diseases.
Journal of the American Medical Association 1996; 275(4): 318-320.
108 Cohen ML.
Epidemiology of drug resistance: Implications for a post-antimicrobial era.
Science 1992; 257 (5073): 1050-1055.
109 Abuse of antibiotics. Lead editorial,
International Herald Tribune, June 19, 2000, p. 8.
110 Evans-Pritchard, A.
Science in the dock as the antibiotic miracle crumbles.
Sunday Times [London], May 3, 1998. p. 1.
111 Management of acute otitis media. Summary, evidence report/technology assessment No. 15, AHRQ Publication No. 01-E007, Rockville, MD:
Agency for Health Research and Quality, Public Health Service, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services, December 2000.
112 The Nation's Health [official newspaper of the American Public Health Association], November 2000, pp. 1,12.
113 Wickens K, Pearce N, Crane J, Beasley R.
Antibiotic use in early childhood and the development of asthma.
Clinical and Experimental Allergy 1999; 29(6): 766-771.
114 Sha SH, Schacht J.
Are aminoglycoside antibiotics excitotoxic?
Neuroreport 1998; 9(17): 3893-3895.
115 Sha SH, Schacht J.
Prevention of aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss.
Keio Journal of Medicine 1997; 46(3): 115-119.
116 Dehne N, Rauen U, deGroot H, Lautermann J.
Involvement of the mitochondiral permeability transition in gentamicin ototoxicity.
Hearing Research 2002; 169: 47-55.
117 Kalinec GM, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Urrutia R, Esteban-CrucianN, Chen S, Kalinec F.
Pivitol role of Harakiri in the induction and prevention of gentamicin-induced hearing loss.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2005; 102(44): 16019-16024.
118 Ray WA, Murray KT, Meredith S, Narasimhulu SS, Hall K, Stein CM.
Oral erythromycin and the risk of sudden death from cardiac causes.
New England Journal of Medicine 2004; 351(11): 1089-1096.
119 Cantekin EI, McGuire Tw, Griffith TL.
Antimicrobial therapy for otitis media with effusion ["secretory" otitis media].
Journal of the American Medical Association 2991; 266(23): 3309-3317.
120 Del Mar C, Glasziou P, Hayem M.
Are antibiotics indicated as initial treatment for children with acute otitis media? A meta-analysis.
British Medical Journal 1997; 314(7093): 1526-1529.
121 Damoiseaux RAMJ, van Balen FAM, Hoes AW, Verheij TJM, de Melker RA.
Primary are based randomized double blind trial of amoxicillin versus placebo for acute otitis media in children aged under 2 years.
British Medical Journal 2000; 320(7231): 350-354.
122 Froom J, Culpepper L, Jacobs M, DeMelker RA, Green LA, van Buchem L, Grob P, Heeren T.
Antimicrobials for acute otitis media? A review from the International Primary Care Network.
British Medical Journal 1997; 315(7100): 98-102.
123 Mangione-Smith R, McGlynn EA, Elliott MN, Krogstad P, Brook RH.
The relationship between perceived parental expectations and pediatrician antimicrobial prescribing behavior.
Pediatrics 1999; 103(4 Pt1): 711-718.
124 Virji A, Britten N.
A study of the relationship between patients' attitudes and doctors' prescribing.
Family Practice 1991; 8: 314-319.
125 Macfarlane J, Holmes W, Macfarlane R, Britten N.
Influences of patients' expectations on antibiotic management of acute lower respiratory tract illness in general practice: Questionnaire study.
British Medical Journal 1997; 315(7117): 1211-1214.
126 Britten N, Ukoumunne O.
The influence of patients' hopes of receiving a prescription on doctors' perceptions and the decision to prescribe: A questionnaire study.
British Medical Journal 1997; 315(7121): 1506-1510.
127 Vinson DC. Lutz LJ.
The effect of parental expectations on treatment of children with a cough: A report from the ASPN.
Journal of Family Practice 1993; 37(1): 23-27.
128 Webb S, Lloyd M.
Prescribing and referral in general practice: A study of patients' expectations and doctors' actions.
British Journal of General Practice 1994; 44(381): 165-169.
129 Hamm RN, Hicks RJ, Bemben DA.
Antibiotics and respiratory infections: Are patients more satisfied when expectations are met?
Journal of Family Practice 1996; 43(1): 56-62.
130 Himmel W, Lippert-Urbanke E, Kochen MM.
Are patients more satisfied when they receive a prescription? The effect of patient expectations in general practice.
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care 1997; 15: 118-122.
131 Moss AI, Hamburger S, Moore RM Jr, Jeng LL, Howie LG.
Use of Selected Medical Device Implants in the United States: Advance Data.
Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 1988. p. 191.
132 Paradise JL.
On tympanostomy tubes: Rationale, results, reservations, and recommendations.
Pediatrics 1977; 60(1): 86-90
133 Bluestone CD, Klein JO.
Otitis Media in Infants and Children.
Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company, 1988. p. 175.
134 Pichichero ME, Berghash LR, Hengerer AS.
Anatomic and audiologic sequelae after tympanostomy tube insertion or prolonged antibiotic therapy for otitis media.
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1989; 8(11): 780-787.
135 Bernard PAM, Stenstrom RJ, Feldman W, Durieux-Smith A.
Randomized, controlled trial comparing long-term sulfanilamide therapy to ventilation tubes for otitis media with effusion.
Pediatrics 1991; 88(2): 215-222.
136 Le CT, Freeman DW, Fireman BH.
Evaluation of ventilating tubes and myringotomy in the treatment of recurrent or persistent otitis media.
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 1991; 10(1): 2-11.
137 Kleinman LC, Kosecott J, Dubois RW, Brook RH.
The medical appropriateness of tympanostomy tubes proposed for children younger than 16 years in the United States.
Journal of the American Medical Association 1994; 271(16): 1250-1255.
138 Paradise JL, Feldman HM, Campbell TF, Dollaghan CA, Colborn DK, Bernard BS, Rockette HE, Janosky JE, Pitcairn DL, Sabo DL, Kurslasky M, Smith CG.
Effect of early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes for persistent otitis media on developmental outcomes at age of three years.
New England Journal of Medicine 2001; 344(16): 1179-1187.
139 Wiberg JMM, Nordsteen J, Nilsson N.
The Short-Term Effect of Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Infantile Colic:
A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial with a Blinded Observer
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1999; 22(8): 517-522.
140 Lester BM, Boukydis CFZ, Garcia-Coll CT, Hole WT.
Colic for developmentalists. Symposium on infantile colic:
Infant Mental Health Journal 1990; 11: 320-333.
141 National Center for Health Statistics, Department of Health and Human Services, http://www.dhhs.gov.
142 Hide DW, Guyer BM.
Prevalence of infantile colic.
Archives of Disease of Childhood 1983; 57(7): 559-560.
143 Rautava P, Lehonten L, Helenius H, Sillanpaa M.
Infantile colic: Child and family three years later.
Pediatrics 1995; 96(1 Pt. 1): 43-47.
144 Keefe Mr.
Irritable infant syndrome: Theoretical perspectives and practice implications.
ANS Advances in Nursing Science 1988; 10(3): 70-78.
145 Frodi AM.
Contributions of infant characteristics to child abuse.
American Journal of Mental Deficiency 1981; 85: 341-349.
146 Borowiz SM, Cox DJ, Tam A, Ritterband LM, Sutphen JL, Penberthy JK.
Preciptants of constipation during arly childhood.
Journal of the American Board of Family Practitioners 2003; 16: 213-218.
147 Nurko S.
Advances in the management of pediatric constipation.
Current Gastroenterology Reports 2000; 2: 234-240.
148 DiLorenzo C.
Childhood constipation: Finally some hard data about hard stools!
Journal of Pediatrics 2000; 136: 4-7.
149 van Ginkel R, Reitsma JB, Buller HA, van Wijk MP, Tamimiau J, Benninga MA.
Childhood constipation: Longitudunal follow-up beyond puberty.
Gastroenterology 2003; 125: 357-363.
150 Guyton AC, Hall JE.
Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th edition.
Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders 2006; pp. 771-779, 822.
151 Hewitt EG.
Chiropractic treatment of a 7-month old with chronic constipation: A case report.
Chiropractic Technic 1993; 5: 101-103.
152 Hollbrook B.
Chiropractic treatment of childhood constipation: A review of the literature.
Journal of Clinical Chiropractic and Pediatrics 2005; 6: 427-431.
153 Spitzer RL. Chairperson.
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia,
PA: American Psychiatric Association Task Force on Nomenclature and Statistics, 1980.
154 Rudolph A.
Rudolph's Pediatrics, 19th edition.
Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange, 1991.
155 Young DE, Young RR.
Nocturnal enuresis: A review of treatment approaches.
American Family Physician 1985; 31: 141-144.
156 Rosenfeld J, Jerkins GR.
The bed-wetting child.
Post Graduate Medicine 1991; 69: 63-70.
157 Cessna RM.
The asthmatic patient.
American Chiropractor 1989; 4: 48-50.
158 Ali S, Hayek R, Holland R, McKelvy S-E, Boyce K, Curson P.
Effect of Chiropractic Treatment on the Endocrine and Immune System in Asthmatic Patients
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Spinal Manipulation.
Des Moines, IA: Foundation for Chiropractic Education and Research. In press, 2002.
159 McFadden ER, Gilbert IA.
Asthma: Medical progress.
New England Journal of Medicine 1992; 327: 1928-137.
160 Gergen PJ, Weiss KB.
Changing patterns of asthma hospitalization among children: 1979 to 1987.
Journal of the American Medical Association 1990; 264: 1688-1692.
161 Roberts CF.
Paediatric asthma.
Australian Family Physician 1991; 8: 1093-1098.
162 Munro-Ford R.
Asthma fight falters as the nation's death toll mounts.
Medical Forum, Weekend Australia 4 January 1992, p. 22.
163 Mellis CM, Peat JK, Bauman AE, Woolcokc AJ.
The cost of asthma in New South Wales.
Medical Journal of Australia 1991; 155: 522-524.
164 Potterton D.
The politcs of asthma: Out of control.
Nursing Times 1992; 88(2): 26-31.
165 Clark NM, Brown RW, Parker E, Robins TGH, Remick DG, Philbert MA, Keeler GJ, Israel BA, Remick DG Jr.
Environmental Health Perspectives 1999; 107[Supplement]: 421-429.
166 Health Letter on the CDC, via Newsedge Corporation. May 11, 1998.
167 Meeker WC, Mootz RD, Haldeman S.
Back to basics: The state of chiropractic research.
Topics in Clinical Chiropractic 2002; 9(1): 1-13.
168 Shekelle PG, Brook RH.
A community-based study of the use of chiropractic services.
American Journal of Public Health 1991; 81(4): 439-442.
169 Hayden JA, Mior SA, Verhoef MJ.
Evaluation of chiropractic management of pediatric patients with low back pain: A prospective cohort study.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2003; 26(1): 1-8.
170 Hession EF, Donald GD.
Treatment of multiple lumbar disk herniations in an adolescent athlete utilizing flexion distraction and rotational manipulation.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1993; 16: 185-192.
171 Kazemi M.
Adolescent lumbar disc hernatioin in a tae kwon do martial artist: A case report.
Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association 1999; 43: 236-242.
172 King L, Mior SA, Devonshire-Zielonka K.
Adolescent lumbar disc herniation: A case report.
Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association 1996; 40: 15-18.
173 Boline, PD, Kassak, K, Bronfort, G, Nelson, C, and Anderson, AV.
Spinal Manipulation vs. Amitriptyline for the Treatment of Chronic Tension-type Headaches:
A Randomized Clinical Trial
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1995 (Mar); 18 (3): 148–154
174
Nilsson N, Christensen HW, Hartvigsen J.
The Effect of Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Cervicogenic Headache
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1997 (Jun); 20 (5): 326–330
175
Nelson CF, Bronfort G, Evans R, Boline P, Goldsmith C, Anderson AV:
The Efficacy of Spinal Manipulation, Amitriptyline and the Combination of Both Therapies
for the Prophylaxis of Migraine Headache
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1998 (Oct); 21 (8): 511–519
176 Kjellman GV, Skagren EI, Oberg BE.
A critical analysis of randomised clinical trials on neck pain and treatment efficacy: A review of the literature.
Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitative Medicine 1999; 31(3): 139-152.
177 Bronfort G, Assendelft WJJ, Evans R, Haas M, Bouter L.
Efficacy of spinal manipulation for chronic headaches: A systematic review.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2001; 24(7): 457-466.
178 McCrory DC, Penzien DB, Hasselblad V, Gray RN.
Evidence report: Behavior and physical treatments for tension-type and cervicogenic headaches
Des Moines, IA: Foundation for Chiropractic Education and Research, 2001.
179 Haney V.
Chronic pediatric migraine-type headache treated by long-term inderol prior to chiropractic care: A case report.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Chiropractic Pediatrics, Palm Beach, FL, October 1993, pp. 132-140.
180 Hewitt EG.
Chiropractic care of a 13-year old with headache and neck pain: A case report.
Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association 1994; 34(3): 160-162.
181 Kastner U, Deutsch J, Lackner R.
Chronic headache in children and chiropractic manipulation.
Conference Proceedings of the Chiropractic Centennial Foundation, Washington, DC, July 1995, pp. 286-287.
182 Cochran JA.
Chiropractic treatment of childhood migraine headache: A case study.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Chiropractic Pediatrics, Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA, October 1994, pp.85-90.
183 Anderson-Peacock ES.
Chiropractic care of children with headaches: Five case reports.
Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 1996; 1(1): 18-27.
184 Lisi AJ, Dabrowski Y.
Chiropractic spinal manipulation for cervicogenic headache in an 8-year old.
Journal of the Neuromusculoskeletal System 2002; 10(3): 98-103.
185 Froehle R.M.
Ear Infection: A Retrospective Study Examining Improvement From Chiropractic Care and Analyzing Influencing Factors
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996 (Mar); 19 (3): 169–177
186 Fallon J, Edelman MJ.
Chiropractic care of 401 children with otitis media: A pilot study.
Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 1998; 4(2): 93.
187 Mills MV, Henley CE, Barnes LLB, Carreiro JE, Degenhardt BF.
The use of osteopathic manipulative treatment as adjuvant therapy in children with recurrent acute otitis media.
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolscent Medicine 1003; 157(9): 861-866.
188 Diamant M, Diamant B.
Abuse and timing of use of antibiotic in acute otitis media.
Archives of Otolaryngology 1974; 100(3): 226-232.
189 Wiberg JMM, Nordsteen J, Nilsson N.
The short-term effect of spinal manipulation in the treatment of infantile colic:
A randomized controlled trial with a blinded observer.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1999; 22(8): 517-522.
190 Olafsdottir E, Forshei S, Fluge G, Markestad T:
Randomised Controlled Trial of Infantile Colic Treated With Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation
Archives of Disease in Childhood 2001 (Feb); 84 (2): 138–141
191 Mercer C, Nook BC.
The efficacy of chiropractic spinal adjustments as a treatment protocol in the management of infantile colic.
Proceedings of the 5th Biennial Congress, Auckland, NEW ZEALAND, May 17-22, 1999, pp. 170-171.
192 Klougart N, Nilsson N, Jacobsen J.
Infantile Colic Treated by Chiropractors: A Prospective Study of 316 Cases
J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1989 (Aug); 12 (4): 281–288
193 Leach RA.
Differential Compliance Instrument in the Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Report of Two Cases
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2002; 25(1): 58-62.
194 Eriksen K.
Effects of upper cervical correction on chronic constipation.
Chiropractic Research Journal 1994; 3: 19-22.
195 Marko SK. Case study:
The effect of chiropractic care on an infant with problems of constipation.
Chiropractic Pediatrics 1994; 1: 23-24.
196 Quist DM, Duray SM.
Resolution of symptoms of chronic constipation in an 8-year-old male after chiropractic treatment.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2007; 30(1): 65-68.
197 Bennet-Johnson S. Enuresis. In Daitzman RJ [Ed],
Clinical Behaviour Therapy and Behaviour Modification.
New York, NY: Garland STPM Press, 1980, pp. 81-141.
198 Reed WR, Beavers S, Reddy SK, Kern G.
Chiropractic management of primary nocturnal enuresis.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1994; 17(9): 596-600.
199 Lebouef C, Brown P, Herman A, Leembruggen K, Walton D, Crisp TC.
Chiropractic care for children with nocturnal enuresis: A prospective outcome study.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1991; 14(2): 110-115.
200 Gemmell HA, Jacobson BH.
Chiropractic management of enuresis: Time-series descriptive design.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1989; 12(5): 386-389.
201 Palmer College of Chiropractic Adjusting Manual.
Davenport, IA: Palmer College of Chiropractic, 1983.
202 Sears MR, Taylor DR, Print CG, Lake DC, Li QQ, Flannery EM, Yates DM, Lucas MK, Herbison GP.
Regular inhaled beta-agonist treatment in bronchial asthma.
Lancet 1990; 336(8728): 1391-1396.
203 Dhami MSI, DeBoer KF.
Systemic effects of spinal lesions.
In Haldeman S [ed], Principles and Practice of Chiropractic, 2nd Edition. Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1992, pp. 115-135.
204 Selye H.
Stress and duress.
Comprehensive Therapy 1975; 1: 9-13.
205 Bassett JR, Marshall PM, Spillane R.
The physiological measurement of acute stress [public speaking] in bank employees.
International Journal of Psychophysiology 1987; 5(4): 265-273.
206 Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer DH.
Salivary control in psychobiological research: An overview.
Neuropsychobiology 1989; 22(3): 150-169.
207 Guyton AC, Hall JE.
Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders & Company, 1986, p. 914.
208 Morgan LG.
Psychoneuroimmunology, the placebo effect and chiropractic.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1998; 21(7): 484-491.
209 Rosner A. Endocrine disorders.
In Masarsky CS, Todres-Masarsky M,
Somatovisceral Aspects of Chiropractic: An Evidence-Based Approach. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone, 2001, pp. 187-202.
210 Lane DJ.
What can alternative medicine offer for the treatment of asthma?
Journal of Asthma 1994; 31(3): 153-160.
211 Field T, Henteleff T, Hernandez M, Martinez E, Mavunda K, Kuhn C, Schanberg S.
Children with asthma have improved pulmonary functions after massage therapy.
Journal of Pediatrics 1998; 32(5): 854-858.
212 Beyeler W.
Experiences in the management of asthma.
Annals of the Swiss Chiropractic Association 1965; 3: 111-117.
213 Nilsson N, Christiansen B.
Prognostic factors in bronchial asthma in chiropractic practice.
Journal of the Australian Chiropractic Association 1988; 18: 85-87.
214 Balon J, et al.
A Comparison of Active and Simulated Chiropractic Manipulation as Adjunctive Treatment
for Childhood Asthma
New England Journal of Medicine 1998; 339(15): 1013-1020
215 Bronfort G, Evans RL, Kubic P, Filkin P.
Chronic Pediatric Asthma and Chiropractic Spinal Manipulation: A Prospective Clinical Series and Randomized Clinical Pilot Study
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2002; 24(6): 369-377.
216 Gleeson M, Clancy RL, Hensley MJ, Cripps AW, Henry RL, Wlodarczy JH, Gibson PG.
Development of bronchial hyperreactivity following transient absence of IgA.
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 1996; 153[6 Pt 1]: 1785-1789.
217 Dishman JD, Dougherty PE, Burke JR.
Evaluation of the postural perturbation on motoneural activity following various methods of spinal manipulation.
The Spine Journal 2005; 5: 650-659.
218 Plaugher, G, Cremata EE, Phillips, R.
A retrospective consecutive case analysis of pretreatment and comparative static radiological parameters following chiropractic adjustments.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1990; 13(9): 498-506.
219 Lantz CA, Chen J.
Effect of Chiropractic Intervention on Small Scoliotic Curves in Younger Subjects: A Time-series Cohort Design
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2001 (Jul); 24 (6): 385–393
220 Menke JM, Plaugher G, Carrari CA, Coleman RR, Vannetiello L, Bachman TR.
Likelihood-evidential support and Bayesian re-analysis on a prospective cohort of children and adolescents with mild scoliosis chiropractic management.
Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Sciences 2006; Supplemental issue; Accepted for publication, 10/06.
221 Tarola GA.
Manipulation for the Control of Back Pain and Curve Progression in Patients with Skeletally Mature Idiopathic Scoliosis: Two Cases
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1994; 17(4): 253-257.
222 Fisher RS, Krauss GL, Ramsay E, Laxer K, Gates J.
Assessment of vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy: Report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment.
Neurology 1997; 49(1): 293-297.
223 Pistolese RA.
Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders:
A Review of Literature Relative to Chiropractic Care of Children
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 2001; 24(3): 199-205.
224 Sandefur R, Adams E.
The effect of chiropractic adjustments on the behavior of autistic children: A case review.
Chiropractic Journal 1987; 24(12): 21-25.
225 Hyman CA.
Chiropractic adjustments and the reduction of petit mal seizures in a five-year old male: A case study.
Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 1996; 1(1): 28-32.
226 Langley CA.
Epileptic seizures, nocturnal enuresis, ADD.
Chiropractic Pediatrics 1994; 1: 22.
227 Aguilar AL, Grostic JD, Pfleger B.
Chiropractic care and the behavior in autistic children.
Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 2000; 5 (1): 293-304.
228 Giesen JM, Center DB, Leach RA.
An Evaluation of Chiropractic Manipulation as a Treatment of Hyperactivity in Children
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1989; 12 (5): 353-363.
229 Tanaka ST, Martin CJ, Thibodeau P.
Clinical neurology.
In Anrig C, Plauger G [eds], Pediatric Chiropractic. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1998, pp. 479-611.
230 Barnes T.
Kentuckiana children's center: A 40-year history.
Journal of Chiropractic Humanities 1997; 7 (1): 18-22.
231 Oklahaven celebrates 40 years.
Dynamic Chiropractic September 2002; 20 (18).
232 Lee ACC, Li DH, Kemper KJ.
Chiropractic care for children
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2000; 154 (4): 401-407.
233 Verhoef MJ, Papadopoulos C, Durant DL.
Chiropractors' involvement in the treatment of patients under age 18.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Spinal Manipulation.
Vancouver, British Columbia, CANADA, July 16-19, 1998, pp. 147-149.
234 American Chiropractic Association.
Improper use of backpacks leads to chronic back pain
Journal of the American Chiropractic Association, 1999; 37: 1-2.
235 International Chiropractic Pediatric Association.
Backpacks...your child's spine is at stake
ICPA Newsletter November/December 1998, pp. 1-2.
236 Legg SJ.
Subjective perceptural methods for comparing backpacks.
Ergonomics 1997; 40(8): 809-817.
237 http://www.acatoday.org. Downloaded 09/08/06.
238 Sjolie AN, Ljunggren AE.
The significance of high lumbar mobility and low lumbar strength for current and future low back pain in adolescents.
Spine 2001; 26(23): 2629-2636.
239 http://www.cocsa.org/pubs/resources/88_1958_12646.cfm. Downloaded 02/15/07.
240 http://www.straightupamerica.org. Downloaded 02/15/07.
241 Stamatakis, E, Primatesta P, Chinn S, Rona R, Falascheti E.
Overweight and obesity trends in English children: What is the role of socioeconomic status?
Archives of Diseases of Childhood 2005; 90(10): 999-1004.
242 Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Caroll MD, Johnson CL.
Prevalance and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999-2000.
Journal of the American Medical Association 2002; 288(14): 1728-1732.
243 Wang Y, Monteiro C, Popkin BM.
Trends in obesity and underweight in older children and adolescents in the United States, Brazil, and Russia.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002; 75 (6): 971-977.
244 Reinehr T, de Sousa G, Toschke AM, Andler W.
Long-term follow-up of cardiovascular disease factors in children after an obesity intervention.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006; 84 (3): 490-496.
245 Hall A.
Chiropractic influence on childhood obesity.
Topics in Clinical Chiropractic 2001; 8 (4): 8-11.
246 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Put Prevention into Practice.
http://odphp.osophs.dhhs.gov/pubs/prevrpt/98/sprpr/98sprfoc.htm [1998], Accessed 29 April 2001.
247 Zerhouni E. Director of the National Institutes of Health, at the Harvard School of Public Health, April 14, 2005, quoted in the Boston Globe April 19, 2005, pp. D1, D4.
248 Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in America.
Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century
Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2001
249 Phillips RB, Mootz RD.
Contemporary chiropractic philosophy
In Haldeman S [ed], Principles and Practice of Chiropractic, 2nd edition. Norwalk, CT: Appleton and Lange, 1992, p. 45.
250 Coulter ID,
Alternative and investigatory paradigms for chiropractic.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1993; 16(5): 319-326.
251 Jamison JR.
The conundrum of contemporary chiropractic.
Chiropractic Journal of Australia 1993; 23: 136-140.
252 Phillips RB, Gatterman MI.
Chiropractic paradigms
In Gatterman MI [ed], Foundations of Chiropractic Subluxation Gatterman MI [Ed.]. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby, 2005, pp. 19-29.
253 The ACC chiropractic paradigm.
Association of Chiropractic Colleges, 1996.
254 Dvorak J, Orelli F.
How dangerous is manipulation of the cervical spine?
Manual Medicine 1985; 2: 1-4.
255 Haldeman S, Carey P, Townsend M, Papadopoulos C.
Arterial dissections following cervical manipulation: The chiropractic experience
Canadian Medical Association Journal 2001; 165(7): 905-906.
256 Shekelle PG, Adams AH, Chassin MR, Hurwitz EL, Brook RH.
Spinal manipulation for back pain.
Annals of Internal Medicine 1992; 117: 590-598.
257 Vohra, S, Johnston, BC, Cramer, K, and Humphreys, K.
Adverse Events Associated with Pediatric Spinal Manipulation: A Systematic Review
Pediatrics. 2007 (Jan); 119 (1): e275–e283
258 Dabbs V, Lauretti W.
A risk assessment of cervical manipulation vs NSAIDS for the treatment of neck pain
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1995; 18 (8): 530-536.
259 Deyo RA, Cherkin DC, Loesser JD, Bigos SJ, Ciol MA.
Morbidity and mortality in association with operations on the cervical spine: The influene of age, diagnosis, and procedure.
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Am 1992; 74(4): 536-543.
260 Horwowitz SH.
Peripheral nerve injury and causalgia secondary to routine venipuncture.
Neurology 1994; 44: 962-964.
261 Stremple JS, Boss DS, Davis CH, McDonald GO.
Comparison of post-operative mortality and morbidity in Veterans Affairs and nonfederal hospitals.
Journal of Surgical Research 1994; S6: 4-50416.
262 Colley F, Haas M.
Attitudes on immunizations: A survey of American chiropractors.
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 1994; 17 (9): 584-590.
263 Forrester JA, Anrig CA.
The prenatal and perinatal period.
In Anrig C, Plauger G [eds], Pediatric Chiropractic. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, 1998, pp. 152-160.
264 Geier DA, Geier MR.
Early downward trends in neurodevelopmental disorders following removal of
thimerosal-containing vaccines.
Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons 2006; 11 (1): 8-13.
265 Jean Matthies v. Edward D. Mastromonaco, D.O.
Supreme Court of New Jersey [A-9-98], Pollock J, Judgment dated July 8, 1999.
266 Lack JA, Stuart-Taylor ME.
Calculation of drug dosage and body surface areas of children.
British Journal of Anaesthesiology 1997; 78 (5): 601-605.
267 Wildhaber JH, Monkhoff M, Sennhauser FH.
Dosage regimens for inhaled therapy in children should be reconsidered.
Journal of Pediatric and Child Health 2002; 38 (2): 115-116