Table 6

Results from three population based studies including a distinction between traumatic or non-traumatic mode of onset

Anatomic Region/SiteNon-traumaticTraumaticRatio
Non-traumatic:
Traumatic
Upper extremity in general0.04 [14]a
0.2 [14]b
0.1 [14]a
0.3 [14]b
1:2.5
1:1.5
Shoulder0.03 [39]c 0.03 [39]c 1:1
Elbow0.01 [39]c 0.02 [39]c 1:2
Hand/wrist/fingers0.01 [39]c 0.13 [39]c 1:13
Lower extremity in general12.3 [15]b
0.7 [14]a
3.2 [14]b
6.0 [15]b
0.3 [14]a
1.1 [14]b
1:0.5
1:0.4
1:0.3
Hip2.7 [15]b
0.05 [39]c
0.7 [15]b
0.01 [39]c
1:0.3
1:0.2
Thigh9.5 [15]b
0.04 [39]c
0.9 [15]b
0.03 [39]c
1:0.1
1:0.8
Knee10.3 [15]b
0.31 [39]c
2.1 [15]b
0.09 [39]c
1:0.2
1:0.3
Shin0.11 [39]c 0.01 [39]c 1:0.01
Ankle/Foot8.8 [15]b
0.46 [39]c
1.8 [15]b
0.25 [39]c
1:0.2
1:0.5
[x]: reference number of included study

a weekly incidence

b weekly prevalence

c Incidence Rate - per 1000 physical activity units