The effect of chiropractic care on infantile colic: results from a single-blind randomised controlled trial

doi:10.1186/s12998-021-00371-8

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of infants and their families. Results presented as absolute figures (percentages of total) or mean values (SD). Missing values comprised maximum 1% and were collapsed with no category

All
N = 185 (100 %) Treatment group
N = 96 Control group
N = 89
Male 90 (48.6) 40 (41.7) 50 (56.2)
Female 95 (51.4) 56 (58.3) 39 (43.8)
Birth Weight (g) 3438 (583) 3452 (630) 3422 (529)
Birth length (cm) 51 (2.4) 51 (2.6) 51 (2.2)
Gestational age at birth (weeks) 39.5 (1.7) 39.5 (1.7) 39.5 (1.7)
Weight at study (g) 4742 (838) 4787 (874) 4694 (798)
Age at onset of colic (days) 13.1 (10.7) 13.1 (11.5) 13.2 (9.7)
Age at inclusion (weeks) 6.7 (2.8) 6.8 (2.9) 6.6 (2.6)
Age categories at inclusion (weeks)
2-6 91 (49.2) 48 (50.0) 43 (48.3)
7-10 77 (41.6) 37 (38.5) 40 (44.9)
11-14 17 (9.2) 11 (11.5) 6 (6.7)
Feeding mode
Breast-fed 104 (56.2) 52 (54.2) 52 (58.4)
Bottle-fed 51 (27.6) 28 (29.2) 23 (25.8)
Breast and bottle-fed 30 (16.2) 16 (16.7) 14 (15.7)
Birth
Normal vaginal delivery 132 (71.4) 64 (66.7) 68 (76.4)
Vacuum-assisted delivery 8 (4.3) 5 (5.2) 3 (3.4)
Caesarean, planned 21 (11.4) 15 (15.6) 7 (7.9)
Caesarean, acute 24 (13.0) 13 (13.5) 11(12.4)
Siblings (yes) 105 (56.8) 56 (58.3) 49 (55.1)
Siblings with colic (yes) 35 (18.9) 16 (16.7) 19 (21.3)
Health of mother
Physical or mental illness (yes) 48 (25.9) 26 (27.1) 22 (24.7)
Severe incident^a in the family during pregnancy (yes) 50 (27.0) 31 (32.3) 19 (21.3)
Severe incident^a in the family after birth (yes) 32 (17.3) 16 (16.7) 16 (18.0)
Educational level, mother
Primary school 11 (5.9) 6 (6.3) 5 (5.6)
Upper secondary school 7 (3.8) 4 (4.2) 3 (3.4)
Skilled 21 (11.4) 18 (18.3) 3 (3.4)
Short academic education (2-2.5 years) 26 (14.1) 14 (14.6) 12 (13.5)
Medium academic education (3.5-4 years) 62 (33.5) 26 (27.1) 36 (40.4)
Long academic education (>5 years) 34 (18.4) 19 (19.8) 15 (16.9)
Undergoing education 24 (13.1) 9 (9.4) 15 (16.9)
Cohabitation status
Cohabiting/married 172 (93.0) 89 (92.7) 83 (93.3)
Living alone 13 (7.0) 7 (7.3) 6 (6.7)

^adeath in family/among close friends, serious illness, unemployment, bankruptcy or similar

	All N = 185 (100 %)	Treatment group N = 96	Control group N = 89
Male	90 (48.6)	40 (41.7)	50 (56.2)
Female	95 (51.4)	56 (58.3)	39 (43.8)
Birth Weight (g)	3438 (583)	3452 (630)	3422 (529)
Birth length (cm)	51 (2.4)	51 (2.6)	51 (2.2)
Gestational age at birth (weeks)	39.5 (1.7)	39.5 (1.7)	39.5 (1.7)
Weight at study (g)	4742 (838)	4787 (874)	4694 (798)
Age at onset of colic (days)	13.1 (10.7)	13.1 (11.5)	13.2 (9.7)
Age at inclusion (weeks)	6.7 (2.8)	6.8 (2.9)	6.6 (2.6)
Age categories at inclusion (weeks)
2-6	91 (49.2)	48 (50.0)	43 (48.3)
7-10	77 (41.6)	37 (38.5)	40 (44.9)
11-14	17 (9.2)	11 (11.5)	6 (6.7)
Feeding mode
Breast-fed	104 (56.2)	52 (54.2)	52 (58.4)
Bottle-fed	51 (27.6)	28 (29.2)	23 (25.8)
Breast and bottle-fed	30 (16.2)	16 (16.7)	14 (15.7)
Birth
Normal vaginal delivery	132 (71.4)	64 (66.7)	68 (76.4)
Vacuum-assisted delivery	8 (4.3)	5 (5.2)	3 (3.4)
Caesarean, planned	21 (11.4)	15 (15.6)	7 (7.9)
Caesarean, acute	24 (13.0)	13 (13.5)	11(12.4)
Siblings (yes)	105 (56.8)	56 (58.3)	49 (55.1)
Siblings with colic (yes)	35 (18.9)	16 (16.7)	19 (21.3)
Health of mother
Physical or mental illness (yes)	48 (25.9)	26 (27.1)	22 (24.7)
Severe incident^a in the family during pregnancy (yes)	50 (27.0)	31 (32.3)	19 (21.3)
Severe incident^a in the family after birth (yes)	32 (17.3)	16 (16.7)	16 (18.0)
Educational level, mother
Primary school	11 (5.9)	6 (6.3)	5 (5.6)
Upper secondary school	7 (3.8)	4 (4.2)	3 (3.4)
Skilled	21 (11.4)	18 (18.3)	3 (3.4)
Short academic education (2-2.5 years)	26 (14.1)	14 (14.6)	12 (13.5)
Medium academic education (3.5-4 years)	62 (33.5)	26 (27.1)	36 (40.4)
Long academic education (>5 years)	34 (18.4)	19 (19.8)	15 (16.9)
Undergoing education	24 (13.1)	9 (9.4)	15 (16.9)
Cohabitation status
Cohabiting/married	172 (93.0)	89 (92.7)	83 (93.3)
Living alone	13 (7.0)	7 (7.3)	6 (6.7)