Tissue loading created during spinal manipulation in comparison to loading created by passive spinal movements

doi:10.1038/srep38107

PMC full text:

Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 38107.

Published online 2016 Dec 1. doi: 10.1038/srep38107

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Figure 6

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Representative example of force-time plots of raw forces experienced along the y-axis by the spinal segment during SMT and passive movements (left axial rotation, extension and flexion).

White line represents the loads experienced by the intact specimen; red line represents the loads experienced by the whole segment after supra- and interspinous were removed; green line after bilateral facet joints, capsules and ligamentum flavum were removed and blue line after intervertebral disc, anterior and posterior ligaments were removed.