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Table 5

Comparing the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in cost per quality-adjusted life-year gained from the healthcare sector’s perspective

TreatmentOriginal currencyICER in original currencyICER in 2005 GBP (rounded to the nearest pound)
Usual GP care plus exercise and behavioural counselling [24]2005 GBP2,8472,847
Guideline-based GP care plus spinal manipulation and exercise [17]2000–2001 GBP3,8004,058
Acupuncture [27]2002–2003 GBP4,2414,415
Guideline-based GP care plus spinal manipulation [17]2000–2001 GBP4,8005,125
Exercise and education using a cognitive-behavioural approach [26]2003–2004 GBP5,0005,136
Massage plus exercise and behavioural counselling [24]2005 GBP5,3045,304
Alexander technique plus exercise and behavioural counselling [24]2005 GBP5,3325,332
Alexander technique [24]2005 GBP5,8995,899
Guideline-based GP care plus exercise [17]2000–2001 GBP8,3008,863
Massage [24]2005 GBP−34,473−34,473 (more costly and less effective)
Costs were converted to 2005 GBP using consumer price indices (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/CPI.pdf)

GBP United Kingdom pounds