Table 5

Pre- versus post-intervention odd ratios for selected health services for LBP between the control and intervention groups during the 6 months after an index visit overall and by risk subgroup

All study enrollees
Pre-intervention periodPost-intervention periodOR95% CI
N Prop95% CI N Prop95% CI
Any PT visits
 Low risk
  Control1340.28(0.15, 0.40)2580.26(0.16, 0.36)0.93(0.58, 1.48)
  Intervention1180.27(0.14, 0.40)1870.31(0.19, 0.44)1.25(0.75, 2.08)
  OR0.97(0.50, 1.86)1.30(0.76, 2.22)1.34(0.67, 2.68)
  P value0.4
 Medium risk
  Control1200.25(0.09, 0.41)2270.32(0.15, 0.50)1.45(0.88, 2.39)
  Intervention990.32(0.11, 0.53)1870.34(0.15, 0.53)1.08(0.64, 1.83)
  OR1.42(0.58, 3.49)1.06(0.48, 2.31)0.74(0.36, 1.53)
  P value0.42
 High risk
  Control760.27(0.13, 0.41)1290.26(0.16, 0.36)0.95(0.50, 1.82)
  Intervention560.32(0.14, 0.49)1080.36(0.22, 0.50)1.20(0.61, 2.40)
  OR1.24(0.58, 2.67)1.57(0.90, 2.73)1.26(0.49, 3.25)
  P value0.63
Any CAM visits
 Low risk
  Control1340.17(0.08, 0.26)2580.13(0.08, 0.18)0.71(0.39, 1.31)
  Intervention1180.11(0.04, 0.17)1870.14(0.08, 0.20)1.38(0.67, 2.84)
  OR0.57(0.27, 1.23)1.11(0.62, 2.01)1.94(0.75, 5.01)
  P value0.17
 Medium risk
  Control1200.19(0.10, 0.28)2270.17(0.11, 0.23)0.85(0.47, 1.55)
  Intervention990.13(0.05, 0.21)1870.11(0.06, 0.16)0.82(0.39, 1.76)
  OR0.64(0.30, 1.37)0.61(0.34, 1.09)0.96(0.37, 2.52)
  P value0.94
 High risk
  Control760.27(0.13, 0.41)1290.26(0.16, 0.36)0.95(0.50, 1.82)
  Intervention560.32(0.14, 0.49)1080.36(0.22, 0.50)1.20(0.61, 2.40)
  OR1.24(0.58, 2.67)1.57(0.90, 2.73)1.26(0.49, 3.25)
  P value0.63
Any LBP imaging
 Low risk
  Control1340.16(0.00, 0.32)2580.20(0.02, 0.39)1.30(0.70, 2.44)
  Intervention1180.25(0.01, 0.49)1870.18(0.01, 0.35)0.65(0.37, 1.15)
  OR1.74(0.44, 6.91)0.86(0.23, 3.20)0.50(0.21, 1.16)
  P value0.11
 Medium risk
  Control1200.25(0.07, 0.44)2270.16(0.05, 0.28)0.57(0.33, 1.00)
  Intervention990.25(0.06, 0.44)1870.28(0.09, 0.47)1.19(0.68, 2.08)
  OR0.98(0.34, 2.83)2.03(0.76, 5.40)2.07(0.94, 4.57)
  P value0.07
 High risk
  Control760.34(0.17, 0.52)1290.34(0.20, 0.47)0.96(0.53, 1.77)
  Intervention560.29(0.11, 0.47)1080.30(0.17, 0.44)1.06(0.52, 2.17)
  OR0.79(0.36, 1.76)0.87(0.47, 1.59)1.10(0.43, 2.80)
  P value0.85
Any narcotic Rx
 Low risk
  Control1340.28(0.16, 0.41)2580.23(0.16, 0.31)0.76(0.46, 1.27)
  Intervention1180.34(0.19, 0.48)1870.24(0.15, 0.33)0.62(0.36, 1.08)
  OR1.29(0.71, 2.33)1.06(0.65, 1.73)0.82(0.39, 1.73)
  P value0.61
 Medium risk
  Control1200.56(0.34, 0.78)2270.47(0.34, 0.61)0.70(0.43, 1.13)
  Intervention990.48(0.27, 0.68)1870.48(0.33, 0.63)1.00(0.59, 1.70)
  OR0.71(0.40, 1.27)1.02(0.67, 1.56)1.43(0.70, 2.92)
  P value0.33
 High risk
  Control760.72(0.33, 1.11)1290.67(0.39, 0.95)0.81(0.42, 1.55)
  Intervention560.66(0.26, 1.05)1080.61(0.33, 0.88)0.81(0.40, 1.64)
  OR0.74(0.33, 1.68)0.74(0.40, 1.39)1.00(0.38, 2.61)
  P value1.00
Entire study cohort (n = 1699)