Fig. 3

Sample time-series data of the spine angular position (black solid line) and velocity (gray solid line) in the sagittal plane during a single trial of the sit-to-stand task. Vertical gray dashed lines denote the identified instants for initiation and termination of the sit-to-stand task. Task completion time was the difference between the termination and initiation timepoints. Horizontal gray dashed lines denote the maximum and minimum sagittal plane spine angles that occurred during the sit-to-stand task. Total spine range of motion was determined as the difference between the identified maximum and minimum spine angles