| PMC full text: | Published online 2017 Mar 20. doi: 10.1186/s12998-017-0140-4
|
Table 2
The validity of twenty-six studies on the use of primary prevention in chiropractic practice
| Articles 1st author Yr of publication Country of study | If prevention studied as main topic, was there a definition/explanation (in the introduction or the method)? (1 pt) | Were relevant questions or survey instrumenprovided? (1 pt) | Was there an attempt to assure quality of survey instrument? | DC attitudes and use | Reasons for consulting | Scores | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opinions to PP -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | Use of PP -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | Reported by DC -actuarial reporting (1 pt) -approx. reporting (0 pt) | Reported by patient/ guardians -anonymous reporting/confidentiality (1 pt) | |||||
| Walker (2000) [33] USA | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 1/3 |
| Hawk (2001) [22] Australia Canada USA | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 2/4 |
| Hawk (2004) [17] USA | Yes “public health, clinical prevention, or health promotion” (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 4/5 |
| McDonald (2004) [34] Mexico USA Canada | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 1/3 |
| Mootz (2005) [38] USA | IR | Available on request (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 3/3 |
| Alcantara (2008) [23] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
| Blum (2008) [18] Australia Europe USA | Yes Wellness: Optimizing health among self-identified healthy. Prev. Health: 1/Preventing illness among self-identified healthy 2/Preventing illness in people at risk (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
| Malmqvist (2008) [35] Finland | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 3/3 |
| Alcantara (2009) [24] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | 3/4 |
| Hestbaek (2009) [37] Denmark | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes | 2/3 |
| Alcantara (2010) [25] Several countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 2/4 |
| Leach (2011) [28] USA | Yes Refers to ‘’Healthy people 2010” (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 5/5 |
| Marchand (2012) [26] Several European countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 1/3 |
| French (2013) [39] Australia | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 3/3 |
| Stuber (2013) [19] Canada | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 2/3 |
| Brown (2014) [40] Australia | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Yes (1 pt) | 2/3 |
| McGregor (2014) [20] Canada | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 3/3 |
| Bussières (2015) [27] Canada | IR | No but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 2.5/3 |
| Blanchette (2015) [36] Canada | IR | No, but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | No (0 pt) | IR | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | 0.5/3 |
| Fikar (2015) [31] UK | Yes ‘’Promote health and wellness” (1 pt) | No (0 pt) | No (0 pt) | Probably yes (1 pt) | Probably yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 3/5 |
| Glithro (2015) [29] UK | Yes ‘’Early detection of pre-cancerous lesion” (1 pt) | No, but very informative tables (0,5*pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | 4.5/5 |
| Schneider (2015) [30] USA | IR | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 3/3 |
| Allen- Unhammer (2016) [21] Norway (Part1 – register study) | IR | IR | IR | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | IR | 1/1 |
| Allen- Unhammer (2016)[21] Norway (Part 2 – survey) | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | IR | Actuarial reporting (1 pt) | 2/3 |
| Pohlman (2016) [41] Several Countries | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | IR | IR | Approximate reporting (0 pt) | IR | 1/3 |
| Adams (2017) [32] Australia | IR | No (0 pt) | Yes (1 pt) | Not reported (0 pt) | IR | IR | IR | 1/3 |
PP: Primary Prevention/DC: chiropractors/IR: irrelevant