Pain-Related Fear—Dissociable Neural Sources of Different Fear Constructs

doi:10.1523/ENEURO.0107-18.2018

Table 5:

Condition and region weights showing the contribution of the two different conditions and fear-related brain regions to the final decision function of each MKL model (questionnaires A–E with model performance, p < 0.05, FDR corrected and uncorrected; see Fig. 1) in hierarchical order

	Harmful activities	Condition weight			Harmless activities	Condition weight
Rank	Brain regionAAL label	Region size (vox)	Region weight (%)	ER	Brain regionAAL label	Region size (vox)	Region weight (%)	ER
A. FABQ total^a
1	Thalamus_L*	519	27.25	1.8	Amygdala_R*	96	11.06	0.95
2	Amygdala_R*	96	24.69	1.6	Hippocampus_R	424	0.61	14.70
3	Hippocampus_L*	400	17.29	2.6	Amygdala_L	97	0.43	18.10
4	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	9.56	4.0	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.19	5.15
5	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	6.39	6.1	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	2.35
6	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	2.17	7.5	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.00	3.30
7	Hippocampus_R	424	0.31	8.2	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	4.25
8	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	6.1	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.00	5.20
9	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.00	7.0	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.00	6.90
10	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	8.0	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.00	7.85
11	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.00	8.9	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	8.80
12	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.00	9.9	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	0.00	9.75
13	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.00	11.1	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.00	10.70
14	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	12.1	Rectus_L	381	0.00	11.65
15	Rectus_L	381	0.00	13.3	Rectus_R	352	0.00	12.60
16	Rectus_R	352	0.00	14.3	Insula_L	887	0.00	13.55
17	Insula_L	887	0.00	15.2	Insula_R	821	0.00	14.50
18	Insula_R	821	0.00	16.2	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	15.45
19	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	17.1	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.00	16.40
20	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.00	18.1	Hippocampus_L	400	0.00	17.35
21	Amygdala_L	97	0.00	19.9	Thalamus_L	519	0.00	19.95
22	Thalamus_R	478	0.00	20.9	Thalamus_R	478	0.00	20.90
B. FABQ-W^b
1	Amygdala_R*	96	40.20	1.40	Amygdala_R*	96	11.82	1.05
2	Thalamus_L*	519	39.42	1.45	Hippocampus_R	424	0.64	16.21
3	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	4.17	4.90	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	0.22	7.57
4	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	2.42	7.25	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.16	14.52
5	Hippocampus_L	400	0.52	16.55	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	2.36
6	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.24	16.50	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.00	3.31
7	Thalamus_R	478	0.13	20.00	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	4.26
8	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	4.30	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.00	5.21
9	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.00	5.25	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.00	6.15
10	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	6.20	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.00	7.10
11	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.00	7.15	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.00	8.05
12	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.00	8.10	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	9.00
13	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.00	9.05	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.00	10.63
14	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.00	10.00	Rectus_L	381	0.00	11.57
15	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	10.95	Rectus_R	352	0.00	12.52
16	Rectus_L	381	0.00	12.55	Insula_L	887	0.00	13.47
17	Rectus_R	352	0.00	13.50	Insula_R	821	0.00	14.42
18	Insula_L	887	0.00	14.45	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	15.36
19	Insula_R	821	0.00	15.40	Hippocampus_L	400	0.00	17.15
20	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	16.35	Amygdala_L	97	0.00	18.94
21	Hippocampus_R	424	0.00	19.05	Thalamus_L	519	0.00	19.89
22	Amygdala_L	97	0.00	20.00	Thalamus_R	478	0.00	20.84
C. TSK-13^c
1	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R*	744	52.70	1.55	Rectus_L*	381	19.51	2.00
2	Rectus_L	381	2.37	6.00	Hippocampus_R*	424	14.03	1.80
3	Insula_L	887	1.33	8.90	Amygdala_L	97	2.34	16.40
4	Hippocampus_L	400	0.67	14.05	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	1.09	13.95
5	Insula_R	821	0.62	11.55	Rectus_R	352	0.59	11.65
6	Amygdala_R	96	0.33	17.10	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.44	4.50
7	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.12	5.60	Hippocampus_L	400	0.41	15.85
8	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.12	10.35	Thalamus_R	478	0.14	19.55
9	Hippocampus_R	424	0.12	16.50	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.12	11.25
10	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	0.12	9.60	Amygdala_R	96	0.12	18.40
11	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.12	6.95	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.12	6.95
12	Thalamus_R	478	0.11	20.25	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.12	7.90
13	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.11	8.05	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.12	3.50
14	Rectus_R	352	0.11	12.15	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.12	8.90
15	Amygdala_L	97	0.11	17.90	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.12	16.10
16	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.11	9.20	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.12	6.30
17	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.11	5.650	Thalamus_L	519	0.11	19.75

18	Thalamus_L	519	0.11	19.80	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	0.11	11.00
19	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.11	15.50	Insula_R	821	0.11	14.65
20	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.11	4.90	Insula_L	887	0.11	13.80
21	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.11	14.70	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.11	10.30
22	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	4.10	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.11	5.85
D. TSK-11^d
1	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R*	744	60.49	1.05	Rectus_L*	381	21.29	1.60
2	Insula_L	887	0.90	11.15	Hippocampus_R*	424	10.41	1.90
3	Amygdala_R	96	0.65	17.20	Thalamus_L	97	0.41	17.60
4	Hippocampus_L	400	0.61	14.95	Amygdala_L	599	0.12	17.25
5	Amygdala_L	97	0.56	17.00	Cingulum_Ant_L	352	0.12	14.65
6	Insula_R	821	0.46	12.55	Thalamus_R	469	0.11	20.00
7	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.34	9.35	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	400	0.11	5.75
8	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.12	4.90	Cingulum_Ant_R	478	0.11	15.70
9	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	324	0.12	8.65	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	413	0.11	8.55
10	Hippocampus_R	424	0.11	16.55	Amygdala_R	96	0.11	18.50
11	Rectus_L	381	0.11	10.70	Hippocampus_L	714	0.11	16.75
12	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.11	6.30	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	744	0.11	11.45
13	Thalamus_R	478	0.11	20.40	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	451	0.11	7.00
14	Rectus_R	352	0.11	11.75	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	1417	0.11	3.45
15	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.11	8.30	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	639	0.11	8.05
16	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.11	15.35	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	444	0.11	9.90
17	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.11	7.50	Rectus_R	519	0.11	12.65
18	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.11	14.55	Insula_R	324	0.11	14.50
19	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.11	4.90	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	821	0.11	4.65
20	Thalamus_L	519	0.11	19.90	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	887	0.10	5.60
21	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.10	4.10	Insula_L	1006	0.10	13.75
22	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	3.25	Frontal_Med_Orb_L	408	0.10	11.10
E. T-Anxiety^e
1	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L*	1417	20.20	1.95	Frontal_Med_Orb_L*	324	20.86	1.05
2	Frontal_Med_Orb_L*	324	13.82	1.90	Thalamus_L*	519	13.29	3.75
3	Rectus_L	381	9.97	3.25	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	9.87	2.85
4	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	3.48	7.30	Amygdala_L	97	2.06	10.15
5	Insula_R	821	2.85	6.90	Amygdala_R	96	0.44	18.95
6	Rectus_R	352	0.98	10.40	Frontal_Sup_Medial_L	1417	0.40	9.15
7	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.87	14.50	Frontal_Mid_Orb_R	444	0.23	6.30
8	Amygdala_L	97	0.25	17.35	Cingulum_Ant_R	639	0.06	15.95
9	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.22	9.00	Hippocampus_L	400	0.00	16.95
10	Amygdala_R	96	0.07	19.00	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	4.35
11	Frontal_Sup_Orb_L	451	0.00	4.70	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	5.35
12	Frontal_Sup_Orb_R	469	0.00	5.65	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.00	7.25
13	Frontal_Mid_Orb_L	408	0.00	6.60	Frontal_Inf_Orb_R	744	0.00	8.20
14	Frontal_Inf_Orb_L	714	0.00	8.45	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	10.10
15	Frontal_Sup_Medial_R	1006	0.00	10.40	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.00	11.05
16	Frontal_Med_Orb_R	413	0.00	11.35	Rectus_L	381	0.00	12.00
17	Insula_L	887	0.00	13.10	Rectus_R	352	0.00	12.95
18	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	14.35	Insula_L	887	0.00	13.90
19	Hippocampus_L	400	0.00	16.20	Insula_R	821	0.00	14.85
20	Hippocampus_R	424	0.00	17.15	Cingulum_Ant_L	599	0.00	15.80
21	Thalamus_L	519	0.00	19.95	Hippocampus_R	424	0.00	18.55
22	Thalamus_R	478	0.00	20.90	Thalamus_R	478	0.00	20.90

The brain regions (L, left; R, right) were parcellated according to the AAL atlas: Thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, medial orbitofrontal regions (mOFC: Rectus, Frontal_Sup_Orb = superior frontal gyrus, orbital part, Frontal_Med_Orb = medial orbitofrontal cortex), lateral orbitofrontal regions (lOFC: Frontal_Mid_Orb = middle frontal gyrus orbital part, Frontal_Inf_Orb = inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis), medial prefrontal regions (mPFC: Frontal_Sup_Medial = medial frontal gyrus, Cingulum_Ant = anterior cingulate cortex). ER = expected ranking.

^aCondition weight: harmful activities, 88%; harmless activities, 12%.

^bCondition weight: harmful activities, 87%; harmless activities, 13%.

^cCondition weight: harmful activities, 60%; harmless activities, 40%.

^dCondition weight: harmful activities, 66%; harmless activities, 34%.

^eCondition weight: harmful activities, 52%; harmless activities, 48%.

*Brain regions included in the feature set for between model cross-validation (see Table 4 for results).