| PMC full text: | Pain. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 Aug 31. Published in final edited form as: |
Table 4
Percentage of patients unemployed or unable to work at six-month follow-up and percentage with long-term opioid Use in 1997–1999 by baseline Pain Days (Table 4a) and prospective Risk Score (Table 4b)
| Table 4a Chronic pain classification based on Pain Days in the six months before baseline | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent of patients: | Not chronic: 1–89 Pain Days | Chronic: 90–149 Pain Days | Chronic: ≥150 Pain Days | Test statistics |
| Unemployed/unable to work at 6 months (%) | ||||
| Back pain | 2.6% | 6.9% | 17.1% | X2= 41.9 p <.001 |
| Headache | 5.1% | 10.3% | 10.3% | X2= 7.6 p = .02 |
| Orofacial pain | 5.7% | 5.3% | 11.6% | X2= 4.2 p = .12 |
| Long-term opioid use in 1997–1999 (%) | ||||
| Back pain | 10.0% | 14.4% | 23.4% | X2= 22.1 p <.001 |
| Headache | 15.0% | 23.5% | 28.6% | X2= 14.6 p <.001 |
| Orofacial pain | 7.0% | 8.8% | 16.2% | X2= 6.4 p = .04 |
| Table 4b. Chronic pain classification based on prospective Risk Score at baseline | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percent of patients: | Lower risk (0–15) | Possible chronic pain (16–21) | Probable chronic pain (22–28) | Test statistics |
| Unemployed/unable to work at 6 months (%) | ||||
| Back pain | 1.8% | 8.7% | 33.9% | X2= 118.0 p <.001 |
| Headache | 3.8% | 9.9% | 17.5% | X2= 22.9 p <.001 |
| Orofacial pain | 6.8% | 7.7% | 22.9% | X2= 10.3 p = .006 |
| Long-term opioid use in 1997–1999 (%) | ||||
| Back pain | 9.3% | 21.5% | 30.3 % | X2= 38.5 p <.001 |
| Headache | 12.5% | 25.3% | 35.3 % | X2= 34.0 p <.001 |
| Orofacial pain | 6.9% | 17.6% | 30.0 % | X2= 22.0 p <.001 |