| PMC full text: | Med Care. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 Dec 1. Published in final edited form as: Med Care. 2012 Dec; 50(12): 1029–1036. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e318269e0b2 |
Table 4
Average annual per capita spine–specific health costs among CAM and non-CAM respondents with spine problems, MEPS 2002–2008.
| Total expenditures [1] | Inpatient | Outpatient | Prescription | Emergency | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unadjusted | Non-CAM user | $1913 | $716 | $1098 | $6 | $93 |
| CAM user | $1228 | $160 | $1037 | $1 | $30 | |
| Treatment effect for CAM use (CAM user – non-CAM user) | $-685 (p<0.001) | -556 (p=0.001) | $-62 (p=0.255) | $-5 (p<0.001) | $-63 (p<0.001) | |
| Age, sex, race & Insurance, primary diagnosis, & comorbidity adjusted | Non-CAM user | $1,832 | $671 | $1,065 | $6 | $90 |
| CAM user | $1,345 | $225 | $1,083 | $1 | $35 | |
| Treatment effect for CAM use (CAM user – non-CAM user) | $-487 (p<0.001) | -446 (p=0.001) | $18 (p=0.741) | $-4 (p=0.001) | $-55 (p<0.001) | |
| + region & income, education, employment adjusted | Non-CAM user | $1,840 | $680 | $1,066 | $6 | $89 |
| CAM user | $1,343 | $215 | $1,090 | $1 | $37 | |
| Treatment effect for CAM use (CAM user – non-CAM user) | $-497 (p<0.001) | $-465 (p<0.001) | $24 (p=0.662) | $-5 (p=0.001) | $-52 (p<0.001) | |
| + self-reported health status measures | Non-CAM user | $1,811 | $672 | $1,045 | $6 | $88 |
| CAM user | $1,387 | $227 | $1,121 | $2 | $38 | |
| Treatment effect for CAM use (CAM user – non-CAM user) | $-424 (p<0.001) | $-446 (p<0.001) | $76 (p=0.152) | $-4 (p=0.001) | $-50 (p<0.001) | |
| Propensity score matched [2] | Treatment effect for CAM use (CAM user – non-CAM user) | $-526 (p<0.001) | $-422 (p<0.001) | $-17 (p=0.808) | $-2 (p=0.021) | $-85 (p=0.003) |
[1]Individual service categories do not sum to the total expenditure column due to averaging.
[2]Propensity score matches were drawn from 11,976 cases within the “region of common support” (see text). A total of 4,289 CAM users were matched on propensity score to 2,812 non-CAM users using the nearest neighbor technique.