Table 2
Angular displacement (degrees) of the head relative to the sternum and VA length change (%) combining data from all donors and clinicians during ipsilateral CSM thrusts
| Rotation | Lateral flexion | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| X | Y | Z | Whole | V3 | X | Y | Z | Whole | V3 | ||
| C1 | Mean | 2.5 | 8.1 | − 11.5 | 1.1 | 3.7 | − 3.0 | 4.9 | − 4.4 | 0.9 | 2.6 |
| SD | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 0.9 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 4.3 | 7.8 | 1.5 | 4.3 | |
| Minimum | 0.2 | 5.9 | − 15.0 | 0.0 | − 0.3 | − 5.3 | 0.4 | − 20.0 | − 1.1 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 6.5 | 12.5 | − 5.8 | 2.3 | 10.0 | − 0.9 | 10.7 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 10.4 | |
| C2 | Mean | 2.1 | 10.0 | − 12.6 | 1.6 | − 0.1 | − 5.3 | 5.6 | − 6.4 | 1.1 | 2.3 |
| SD | 4.4 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 1.3 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 3.2 | 8.9 | 0.8 | 3.6 | |
| Minimum | − 3.8 | − 5.0 | − 16.1 | 0.1 | − 9.3 | − 13.0 | 1.0 | − 19.3 | 0.2 | − 0.3 | |
| Maximum | 7.6 | 13.9 | − 3.7 | 3.2 | 7.1 | − 1.6 | 9.8 | 7.9 | 2.1 | 8.9 | |
| C3 | Mean | − 0.3 | 7.2 | − 11.0 | 1.9 | 4.5 | − 3.6 | 4.7 | − 4.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 |
| SD | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 0.5 | 2.6 | |
| Minimum | − 1.9 | 4.4 | − 13.7 | 0.8 | 0.0 | − 7.0 | 1.1 | − 8.9 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 2.8 | 10.1 | − 7.5 | 2.4 | 10.8 | − 1.4 | 9.4 | − 0.9 | 1.3 | 6.7 | |
| C4 | Mean | 1.5 | 8.9 | − 9.8 | 1.4 | 2.8 | − 3.9 | 6.3 | − 5.1 | 0.6 | 2.1 |
| SD | 2.6 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 4.0 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 2.6 | |
| Minimum | − 2.8 | 2.5 | − 14.5 | 0.2 | 0.0 | − 9.1 | 2.2 | − 10.7 | − 0.6 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 5.0 | 13.2 | − 5.6 | 2.7 | 8.6 | − 1.7 | 9.1 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 5.6 | |
| C5 | Mean | 1.4 | 9.6 | − 10.7 | 1.8 | 2.5 | − 3.9 | 5.7 | − 2.1 | 1.2 | 2.5 |
| SD | 4.7 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 2.6 | |
| Minimum | − 6.1 | 5.7 | − 15.5 | − 0.1 | 0.0 | − 7.6 | 1.3 | − 6.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 5.1 | 12.6 | − 7.4 | 3.1 | 6.6 | − 0.9 | 12.6 | 5.5 | 2.6 | 6.4 | |
| C6 | Mean | 1.3 | 8.9 | − 8.0 | 1.0 | 1.8 | − 4.2 | 4.6 | − 5.4 | 1.3 | 2.4 |
| SD | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 6.3 | 0.7 | 2.4 | |
| Minimum | − 3.9 | 5.0 | − 12.0 | − 0.4 | − 0.4 | − 9.4 | 1.5 | − 10.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | |
| Maximum | 5.5 | 14.1 | − 4.6 | 3.1 | 11.6 | − 1.1 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 2.1 | 5.8 | |
| C7 | Mean | − 0.8 | 8.7 | − 9.5 | 1.3 | 2.0 | − 3.5 | 5.4 | − 3.3 | 1.2 | 2.0 |
| SD | 4.3 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 1.0 | 3.6 | |
| Minimum | − 6.6 | 6.0 | − 15.3 | 0.3 | − 0.1 | − 8.8 | 2.3 | − 7.7 | − 0.3 | − 1.1 | |
| Maximum | 3.9 | 12.3 | − 7.0 | 3.3 | 6.8 | 0.8 | 7.9 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 7.1 | |
Ipsilateral manipulations involve contralateral head rotation; positive kinematic values indicate flexion, left lateral flexion and left rotation; positive VA length changes indicate elongation of the vessel
X, coronal axis; Y, sagittal axis; Z, transverse axis; SD, standard deviation; whole, whole VA; V3, V3 segment of VA