Figure 23 is a forest plot. Mean differences were reported or calculated for four short-term studies, with a pooled mean difference of −0.53 (95% confidence interval −0.86 to −0.11) and an overall I-squared value of 0%. Mean differences were reported or calculated for four intermediate-term studies, with a pooled mean differences of −0.62 (95% confidence interval −1.06 to −0.18) and an overall I-squared value of 0%. Mean differences were reported or calculated for two long-term studies, with a pooled mean differences of −0.35 (95% confidence interval −1.10 to 0.34) and an overall I-squared value of 0%.

Figure 23Multidisciplinary rehabilitation versus usual care for chronic low back pain: effects on pain

= confidence interval; indvl = individual; N = number; = Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire; = standard deviation

a Multidisciplinary rehabilitation intensity: 1 = high, 2 = not high, 3 = unclear or not reported

From: Results

Cover of Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update
Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update [Internet].
Comparative Effectiveness Review, No. 227.
Skelly AC, Chou R, Dettori JR, et al.
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