From: Results
![Cover of Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update](./Figure_41_RESULTS_files/th-cer227-lrg.png)
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
EA = electroacupucnture; LA = laser acupuncture; NR = not reported; SA = sham acupuncture; SNA = standard needle acupuncture; SD = standard deviation; SMD = standardized mean difference; NR = not reported; UC = usual care; WL = waitlist; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster’s Universities Osteoarthritis Index
From: Results
NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.