The effects of a single session of spinal manipulation on strength and cortical drive in athletes

Thomas Lykke Christiansen; Imran Khan Niazi; Kelly Holt; Rasmus Wiberg Nedergaard; Jens Duehr; Kathryn Allen; Paul Marshall; Kemal S. Türker; Jan Hartvigsen; Heidi Haavik

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3799-x

Table 1

Relative changes (∆) in the H-reflex threshold, V-wave amplitude and maximum contraction force in the control session and SM intervention and thier corresponding standard deviations (std)

Pre to post Pre to post30 Pre to post60
H-reflex
Control
  ∆ [%] 5.21 6.83 20.25
  std [%] 52.37 39.26 35.54
SM
  ∆ [%] − 4.12 12.85 12.17
  std [%] 40.64 44.00 66.32
p value 0.34 0.38 0.37
V-wave
Control
  ∆ [%] − 11.73 − 21.34 − 21.97
  std [%] 17.66 21.43 23.13
SM
  ∆ [%] 33.72 40.57 46.20
  std [%] 46.29 48.48 57.86
p value 0.03 < 0.01 < 0.01
Force
Control
  ∆ [%] − 3.51 − 10.16 − 8.15
  std [%] 9.30 11.06 12.15
SM
  ∆ [%] 7.58 3.52 1.59
  std [%] 7.37 9.50 7.42
p value < 0.01 < 0.01 0.07

	Pre to post	Pre to post30	Pre to post60
H-reflex
Control
∆ [%]	5.21	6.83	20.25
std [%]	52.37	39.26	35.54
SM
∆ [%]	− 4.12	12.85	12.17
std [%]	40.64	44.00	66.32
p value	0.34	0.38	0.37
V-wave
Control
∆ [%]	− 11.73	− 21.34	− 21.97
std [%]	17.66	21.43	23.13
SM
∆ [%]	33.72	40.57	46.20
std [%]	46.29	48.48	57.86
p value	0.03	< 0.01	< 0.01
Force
Control
∆ [%]	− 3.51	− 10.16	− 8.15
std [%]	9.30	11.06	12.15
SM
∆ [%]	7.58	3.52	1.59
std [%]	7.37	9.50	7.42
p value	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.07