| PMC full text: | Published online 2017 Jan 12. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2016.12.002
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Table 1
Return to:
Multimodal Chiropractic Care for Pain and Disability in a Patient Diagnosed
With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome-Hypermobility Type
The Villefranche Criteria for Major Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Subtypes
| Subtype | Major Criteria | Minor Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| Classic | Skin extensibility Widened atrophic scars Joint hypermobility | Smooth, velvety skin Molluscoid pseudotumors Subcutaneous spheroids Complication of joint hypermobility Muscle hypotonia, motor delay Easy bruising Manifestation of tissue extensibility Surgical complication Positive family history |
| Hypermobility | Hyperextensible and/or smooth, velvety skin Generalized joint hypermobility | Recurring joint dislocations Chronic joint/limb pain Positive family history |
| Vascular | Thin, translucent skin Arterial/intestinal/uterine fragility or rupture Extensive bruising Characteristic facial appearance | Acrogeria Hypermobility of small joints Tendon and muscle rupture Talipes equinovarus Early-onset varicose veins Arteriovenous, carotid-cavernous, carotid-cavernous sinus fistula Pneumothorax/pneumohemothorax Gingival recessions Positive family history, sudden death in a close relative |
| Kyphoscoliotic | Generalized joint hypermobility Congenital hypotonia Congenital and progressive scoliosis Scleral fragility and rupture of the ocular globe | Tissue fragility, including atrophic scars Easy bruising Arterial rupture Marfanoid habitus Microcornea Osteopenia/porosis Positive family history |
| Arthrochalasis | Generalized joint hypermobility and recurrent subluxations Congenital bilateral hip dislocation | Skin hyperextensibility Tissue fragility, including atrophic scars Easy bruising Hypotonia Kyphoscoliosis Osteopenia/porosis |
| Dermatosparaxis | Severe skin fragility Sagging, redundant skin | Soft, doughy skin texture Easy bruising Premature rupture of fetal membranes Large hernias (umbilical, inguinal) |