| ManipulationConsider manipulative treatment for patients who need
            additional help with pain relief or who are failing to return to
            normal activities. | 
               
                |     | In acute and
                  sub-acute back pain, manipulation provides better short-term
                  improvement in pain and activity levels and higher patient
                  satisfaction than the treatments to which it has been
                  compared. |   
                |   | However, there is
                  no firm evidence that it is possible to select which patients
                  will respond or what kind of manipulation is most effective. The optimum timing for this intervention is unclear
 |   
                |    | The risks of
                  manipulation for low back pain are very low, provided patients
                  are selected and assessed properly and it is carried out by a
                  trained therapist or practitioner. Manipulation should not be used in patients with severe or
                  progressive neurological deficit in view of the rare but
                  serious risk of neurological complication.
 |  |